例21．Almost at once the number of egg masses deposited on experimental goats began to decrease, as did their fertility. (Rachel Carson, Silent Spring)

    （在試驗(yàn)用的山羊身上產(chǎn)的卵塊幾乎立刻減少，其受精率亦下降。）

    例22．這五年，首先是農(nóng)村改革帶來許多新的變化，農(nóng)作物大幅度增產(chǎn)，農(nóng)民收入大幅度增加，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)異軍突起。

        During those five years rural reform brought about many changes: grain output increased substantially, as did the peasants’ income, and rural enterprises emerged as a new force.

    例23．開始搞并不踴躍呀，好多人在看。我們的政策就是允許看。允許看，比強(qiáng)制好得多。

        At first, people were not enthusiastic about rural reform, and many waited to see how it would work. It was our policy to permit people to do that, which was much better than coercing them.

    例24．你們到農(nóng)村去看了一下嗎？我們真正的變化還是在農(nóng)村，有些變化出乎我們的預(yù)料。

        Have you been to our countryside? The real changes have taken place there, and some of them have exceeded our expectations.

    譯文用了there和them，以避免重復(fù)countryside和changes。

    有時(shí)英語為了避免重復(fù)，需要用一種完全新的表達(dá)方式。

    例25．Lift and lower the right leg 20 times. Repeat with the left leg.

（將右腿提放20次。再將左腿提放20次。）

    例26．現(xiàn)在國(guó)際上有一種議論，說中國(guó)改革的步子放慢了，政策要變。說放慢步子還有些根據(jù)，說政策要變就沒有根據(jù)了。

        Lately some people abroad have been commenting that the pace of reform in China has slowed and predicting that the government is going to change its policies. There is some basis for the first assertion but none at all for the second.

    例27．多搞點(diǎn)“三資”企業(yè)，不要怕。只要我們頭腦清醒，就不怕。

        We should have more of the three kinds of foreign-invested ventures (joint, cooperative and foreign-owned). There is no reason to be afraid of them. So long as we keep level-headed, there is no cause for alarm.

    有時(shí)一句話后半句表示的動(dòng)作和前半句是一樣的，只是把施事和受事顛倒一下。這在漢語里，后半句和前半句一般用同樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，略顯重復(fù)。英語里則有一簡(jiǎn)單的說法：vice versa。

    例28．為了推動(dòng)中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展，中國(guó)需要進(jìn)一步了解美國(guó)，美國(guó)也需要進(jìn)一步了解中國(guó)。

        To promote the development of China-U.S. relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.

    有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)語氣，取得一定的修辭效果，故意重復(fù)句中的某些詞語。這無論是在英語里還是在漢語里都是常見的。遇到這種情況，即便是英語也照樣重復(fù)，而不用代稱。

    例29．The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. (Speech by President Nixon)

    例30．中國(guó)愿與東盟各國(guó)永做好鄰居、好伙伴、好朋友。

        China will forever be a good neighbor, a good partner and a good friend with ASEAN countries.

由此看來，英語也不是一概反對(duì)重復(fù)。漢譯英時(shí)，恐怕要該避免時(shí)避免，該重復(fù)時(shí)重復(fù)，你說是不是？

作者：莊繹傳，全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格（水平）考試英語專家委員會(huì)顧問，北京外國(guó)語大學(xué)教授

（來源：catti.net.cn）