中共中央關于全面深化改革若干重大問題的決定（全文）
Decision of the CCCPC on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform
0 
調整字號大小: 
| 十四、加快生態文明制度建設 | XIV. Accelerating Ecological Progress |
| 建設生態文明，必須建立系統完整的生態文明制度體系，實行最嚴格的源頭保護制度、損害賠償制度、責任追究制度，完善環境治理和生態修復制度，用制度保護生態環境。 | In order to promote ecological progress, we must establish complete and integrated institutions and systems, implement the strictest source protection system, damage compensation system and accountability system. We will also improve environment treatment and ecological restoration systems, and use set rules to protect the ecological environment. |
| （51）健全自然資源資產產權制度和用途管制制度。對水流、森林、山嶺、草原、荒地、灘涂等自然生態空間進行統一確權登記，形成歸屬清晰、權責明確、監管有效的自然資源資產產權制度。建立空間規劃體系，劃定生產、生活、生態空間開發管制界限，落實用途管制。健全能源、水、土地節約集約使用制度。 | 51. Improving the system of natural resource property rights and the system of natural resource utilization control. We will carry out unified registration for natural ecological spaces such as rivers, forests, mountain ranges, grasslands, undeveloped land, tidal land, etc., so as to establish a natural resource property rights system with the property rights, rights and responsibilities clearly defined and characterized by effective oversight. We will establish a spatial planning system, and draw control boundaries for production, living and ecological space utilization. We will implement a system for conservation of energy, water and land resources and for their intensive use. |
| 健全國家自然資源資產管理體制，統一行使全民所有自然資源資產所有者職責。完善自然資源監管體制，統一行使所有國土空間用途管制職責。 | We will improve the national natural resource management system, unify the duties of the people who act as the owners of public natural resources. We will improve the natural resource oversight system and unify the power over national land and space utilization. |
| （52）劃定生態保護紅線。堅定不移實施主體功能區制度，建立國土空間開發保護制度，嚴格按照主體功能區定位推動發展，建立國家公園體制。建立資源環境承載能力監測預警機制，對水土資源、環境容量和海洋資源超載區域實行限制性措施。對限制開發區域和生態脆弱的國家扶貧開發工作重點縣取消地區生產總值考核。 | 52. Delimiting the red line for ecological protection. We will unwaveringly implement the system of functional areas, establish the system of land and space development and protection, promote development in strict accordance with the functional definition of these functional areas, and establish the national park system. We will establish the mechanism to monitor and give early warning to the carrying capacities of resources and the environment, and implement restrictive measures for regions where water and land resources, the environment and oceanic resources have been excessively exploited. We will cancel regional GDP assessment for regions under restrictive ecological development and for national key counties for poverty alleviation displaying ecological fragility. |
| 探索編制自然資源資產負債表，對領導干部實行自然資源資產離任審計。建立生態環境損害責任終身追究制。 | We will explore ways to compile a natural resource balance sheet and implement natural resource audits when leading officials leave their positions. We will establish a lifelong accountability system for ecological and environmental damage. |
| （53）實行資源有償使用制度和生態補償制度。加快自然資源及其產品價格改革，全面反映市場供求、資源稀缺程度、生態環境損害成本和修復效益。堅持使用資源付費和誰污染環境、誰破壞生態誰付費原則，逐步將資源稅擴展到占用各種自然生態空間。穩定和擴大退耕還林、退牧還草范圍，調整嚴重污染和地下水嚴重超采區耕地用途，有序實現耕地、河湖休養生息。建立有效調節工業用地和居住用地合理比價機制，提高工業用地價格。堅持誰受益、誰補償原則，完善對重點生態功能區的生態補償機制，推動地區間建立橫向生態補償制度。發展環保市場，推行節能量、碳排放權、排污權、水權交易制度，建立吸引社會資本投入生態環境保護的市場化機制，推行環境污染第三方治理。 | 53. Implementing sound compensation systems for use of resources and for damage to the ecological environment. We will accelerate pricing reform for natural resources and their products to give full expression to their market supply and demand, the extent of resource scarcity, ecological and environmental damage costs and restoration benefits. We will adhere to the principle that whoever uses the resources must pay for them, and that whoever pollutes the environment and damages the ecology must pay compensation, and gradually expand resource taxes to cover the possession and use of all natural and ecological resources. We will stabilize and expand the areas where farmland is converted back to forests and grassland, adjust the usage of farmland in heavily polluted areas or areas where underground water has been overused, and implement an orderly rehabilitating system for farmland, rivers and lakes. We will establish effective comparative pricing mechanism to regulate industrial land and residential land prices, and raise the price of land for industrial use. We will persist in the principle that he who profits should compensate, improve the ecological compensation mechanism for key ecological functional areas, and promote the establishment of a horizontal compensation system between regions. We will develop the environmental protection market, implement a trading system for energy conservation, carbon emission, waste discharge and water usage rights, establish a market-oriented mechanism to attract private capital to ecological and environmental protection, and implement third-party treatment of environmental pollution. |
| （54）改革生態環境保護管理體制。建立和完善嚴格監管所有污染物排放的環境保護管理制度，獨立進行環境監管和行政執法。建立陸海統籌的生態系統保護修復和污染防治區域聯動機制。健全國有林區經營管理體制，完善集體林權制度改革。及時公布環境信息，健全舉報制度，加強社會監督。完善污染物排放許可制，實行企事業單位污染物排放總量控制制度。對造成生態環境損害的責任者嚴格實行賠償制度，依法追究刑事責任。 | 54. Reforming the ecological protection management system. We will establish and improve an environmental protection system that strictly supervises the emission of all pollutants, and independently conduct environmental supervision and administrative law enforcement. We will establish a joint interregional mechanism for comprehensive land and marine ecosystem protection, restoration and pollution prevention. We will improve the operation and management system for the state-owned forest regions and press ahead with the reform of collective forest rights. We will publicize environmental information in a timely manner, improve reporting system, and strengthen social supervision. We will improve the licensing system for pollutant emission, and implement quantity control system for pollution emission by enterprises and public institutions. We will strictly implement the compensation system for those responsible for ecological or environmental damage, and investigate any criminal responsibilities in accordance with the law. |
Go to Forum >>0 Comment(s)
No comments.
