（四）切實保障和改善民生，解決關系群眾切身利益的問題。

我們堅持民生優先，努力使發展成果惠及全體人民，促進社會公平正義。

實施更加積極的就業政策。多渠道開發就業崗位，全力推動以創業帶動就業，加強職業技能培訓和公共就業服務體系建設。加大財政、稅收、金融等方面支持力度，著力促進高校畢業生、農民工等重點人群就業。高校畢業生初次就業率77．8%，同比提高1．2個百分點。農民工總量2．53億人，比上年增長4．4%，其中，外出農民工1．59億人，增長3．4%。

積極調整收入分配關系。著力提高低收入群眾收入。農村居民人均純收入實際增速為1985年以來最高，連續兩年快于城鎮居民；各地普遍較大幅度調高最低工資標準；連續第7年提高企業退休人員基本養老金，全年人均增加1680元，5700多萬人受益；進一步提高城鄉低保補助水平以及部分優撫對象撫恤和生活補助標準，對全國城鄉低保對象、農村五保供養對象等8600多萬名困難群眾發放一次性生活補貼；建立社會救助和保障標準與物價上漲掛鉤的聯動機制。擴大中等收入者所占比重。

個人所得稅起征點從2000元提高到3500元。降低900多萬個體工商戶稅負。中央決定將農民人均純收入2300元（2010年不變價）作為新的國家扶貧標準，比2009年提高92%，把更多農村低收入人口納入扶貧范圍，這是社會的巨大進步。

加強社會保障體系建設。社會保障覆蓋范圍繼續擴大，全國參加城鎮基本養老保險、失業保險、工傷保險和生育保險人數大幅增加。2147個縣（市、區）實施城鎮居民社會養老保險試點，1334萬人參保，641萬人領取養老金。2343個縣（市、區）開展新型農村社會養老保險試點，3．58億人參保，9880萬人領取養老金，覆蓋面擴大到60%以上。

解決了500多萬名集體企業退休人員養老保障的歷史遺留問題。將312萬名企業“老工傷”人員和工亡職工供養親屬納入工傷保險統籌管理。養老保險跨地區轉移接續工作有序推進。社會保障體系不斷健全，向制度全覆蓋邁出重大步伐，這是推進基本公共服務均等化取得的重要成就。

大力推進保障性安居工程建設。出臺關于保障性安居工程建設和管理的指導意見，完善財政投入、土地供應、信貸支持、稅費減免等政策，著力提高規劃建設和工程質量水平，制定保障性住房分配、管理、退出等制度和辦法。中央財政安排資金1713億元，是2010年的2．2倍，全年城鎮保障性住房基本建成432萬套，新開工建設1043萬套。

努力維護社會公共安全。加強安全生產監管，做好重特大安全事故的處置、調查、問責工作。完善食品安全監管體制機制，集中打擊、整治非法添加和違法生產加工行為。堅持以人為本、服務為先，加強和創新社會管理，著力排查化解各類社會矛盾，依法打擊違法犯罪活動，保持社會和諧穩定。

4. Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing and solving problems that affect their interests

We continued to put the people's wellbeing first, worked hard to bring the benefit of development to all, and promoted social fairness and justice.

We implemented a more active employment policy. We created jobs through a variety of channels, expanded job opportunities through the creation of new businesses, strengthened vocational skills training, and improved the public employment service system. We increased fiscal, taxation, and financial support to promote employment of university graduates, rural migrant workers, and other key groups. The employment rate for college graduates reached 77.8%, an increase of 1.2 percentage points over the previous year. The number of rural workers totaled 253 million, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year, of whom 159 million worked in towns and cities, up 3.4%.

We adjusted income distribution. We worked hard to increase the income of low-income people. Per capita net income of rural residents in real terms registered the fastest growth since 1985, outpacing urban residents for the second straight year. We significantly increased the minimum wage across the country. Basic pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the seventh consecutive year, with an average increase of 1,680 yuan per person for the year, which benefited over 57 million people. We further increased subsistence allowances for rural and urban residents and subsidies and living allowances for some entitled groups, and granted lump-sum living allowances to more than 86 million people in need, including subsistence allowance recipients in urban and rural areas and childless and infirm rural residents who are entitled to five forms of support (food, clothing, medical care, housing, and burial expenses). We instituted a mechanism to increase social aid and social security benefits when consumer prices rise. The proportion of middle-income earners in the whole population increased.

We raised the salary threshold for personal income tax from 2,000 yuan to 3,500 yuan. We reduced the tax burden on over nine million self-employed people. The central government set the new poverty line at 2,300 yuan, which was the per capita net income in rural areas at 2010 prices, an increase of 92% over 2009. This resulted in more low-income people being covered by the government's poverty reduction program, which constitutes tremendous social progress.

We bolstered the development of the social security system. We continued to expand coverage of social security, and the number of people covered by basic old-age insurance for urban residents, unemployment insurance, workers' compensation and maternity insurance rose substantially nationwide. We carried out trials of old-age insurance for non-working urban residents in 2,147 counties and county-level cities and districts, covering 13.34 million residents, and 6.41 million residents received pensions. We launched trials of a new type of old-age insurance for rural residents in 2,343 counties and county-level cities and districts, covering 358 million people, and 98.8 million people received pensions. We extended coverage of this insurance to more than 60% of China's counties.

We solved longstanding problems concerning pensions for more than five million retirees of collectively owned enterprises. We included 3.12 million persons who suffer from past work-related injuries and dependents of employees who lost their lives in work-related accidents in workers' compensation insurance. We worked in an orderly way to make it possible to transfer pension accounts between localities. We continued to improve the social security system and made significant progress in extending coverage to all residents. This was an important achievement for ensuring equal access to basic public services for all.

We accelerated the construction of low-income housing. We adopted guidelines on construction and management of low-income housing; improved policies on government input, land supply, credit support, and tax and fee reductions; strove to improve project planning and construction quality; and introduced a system and measures for distributing, managing, and recalling low-income housing. The central government allocated 171.3 billion yuan for these purposes, an increase of 120% over 2010. We basically completed 4.32 million units of low-income urban housing and began construction on a further 10.43 million units.

We worked hard to safeguard public safety. We intensified oversight and supervision of workplace safety and ensured that major accidents were fully investigated and dealt with and those responsible were held accountable. We improved the system and mechanisms for oversight and supervision of food safety, and gave high priority to cracking down on the use of illegal additives and the illegal production and processing of food. We put people and services first, strengthened and made innovations in social administration, strove to investigate and resolve social conflicts, cracked down on crime in accordance with the law, and maintained social harmony and stability.