Changes to Size, Structure, and Force Composition
Changing the size, structure, and force composition of the military is a key step in building a modern military that serves China's needs. Adjustments to the existing organizational structure include developing new types of forces, rebalancing the services, and reducing the total number of personnel, with a focus on improving quality and effectiveness and a transition from a personnel-intensive force to a technology-intensive one.
These changes have resulted in a reduction of 300,000 personnel, bringing the total headcount to two million. The deployment of combat forces has been adjusted in response to new strategic imperatives for defending national security.
As a result of the organizational reconfiguration, the original 18 army groups have been consolidated into 13, each with an army-brigade-battalion structure. Further changes aim to make the force composition complete, combined, multi-functional and flexible.
Reform also covers military educational and research institutions, resulting in the consolidation of 77 colleges operated by the PLA and the PAP into 44, and the reorganization of the National Defense University (NDU) and the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT). Other changes include the establishment of a CMC Military Research Steering Committee and the reorganization of the Academy of Military Science (AMS) and research institutes of various services. The military research network has been strengthened, comprising the AMS as the lead, the research institutes of the services and arms as the main forces, and the research components in educational institutions and the troops as supplements.
軍隊規(guī)模結(jié)構(gòu)和力量編成改革
規(guī)模結(jié)構(gòu)和力量編成改革是推進軍隊組織形態(tài)現(xiàn)代化、構(gòu)建中國特色現(xiàn)代軍事力量體系的關(guān)鍵一步。按照調(diào)整優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、發(fā)展新型力量、理順重大比例關(guān)系、壓減數(shù)量規(guī)模的要求，推動軍隊由數(shù)量規(guī)模型向質(zhì)量效能型、人力密集型向科技密集型轉(zhuǎn)變。
調(diào)整軍隊規(guī)模比例，重塑力量結(jié)構(gòu)布局。裁減軍隊員額30萬，現(xiàn)役總員額減至200萬。調(diào)整作戰(zhàn)力量部署，形成與維護新時代國家安全需要相適應(yīng)的戰(zhàn)略布局。
調(diào)整作戰(zhàn)部隊編成，重構(gòu)新型作戰(zhàn)力量。陸軍原18個集團軍整合重組為13個集團軍。在全軍主要作戰(zhàn)部隊實行“軍—旅—營”體制，推動部隊編成向充實、合成、多能、靈活方向發(fā)展。
優(yōu)化院校力量布局，重構(gòu)軍事科研體系。解放軍和武警部隊原有77所院校整合為44所，重塑國防大學(xué)、國防科技大學(xué)。成立軍委軍事科學(xué)研究指導(dǎo)委員會，調(diào)整組建新的軍事科學(xué)院、軍種研究院，形成以軍事科學(xué)院為龍頭、軍兵種科研機構(gòu)為骨干、院校和部隊科研力量為輔助的軍事科研力量布局。
