中國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的政策與行動(dòng) 2012年度報(bào)告
China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change (2012)
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| 前言 | Foreword |
| 中國(guó)是受氣候變化不利影響最為脆弱的國(guó)家之一。2011年以來，中國(guó)相繼發(fā)生了南方低溫雨雪冰凍災(zāi)害、長(zhǎng)江中下游地區(qū)春夏連旱、南方暴雨洪澇災(zāi)害、沿海地區(qū)臺(tái)風(fēng)災(zāi)害、華西秋雨災(zāi)害和北京嚴(yán)重內(nèi)澇等諸多極端天氣氣候事件，給經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展和人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全帶來較大影響。2011年全年共有4.3億人次不同程度地受災(zāi)，直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失高達(dá)3096億元。 | China is one of the countries most vulnerable to the adverse impact of climate change. Starting in 2011, the country has been hit by a string of extreme weather and climate events, including the low-temperature freezing rain and snow in south China, spring and summer droughts in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, rainstorms and floods in the south, typhoons in coastal areas, autumn rains in western China and serious waterlogging in Beijing. These weather and climate disasters have impacted China's economic and social development as well as people's lives and property in a large degree. In 2011 alone, natural disasters affected 430 million people and caused direct economic losses of 309.6 billion yuan. |
| 中國(guó)政府高度重視氣候變化問題。2011年十一屆全國(guó)人大四次會(huì)議審議通過的《國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十二個(gè)五年規(guī)劃綱要》（以下簡(jiǎn)稱《綱要》），明確了“十二五”時(shí)期中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)任務(wù)和總體部署，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化作為重要內(nèi)容正式納入國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展中長(zhǎng)期規(guī)劃。《綱要》將單位GDP能源消耗降低16%、單位GDP二氧化碳排放降低17%、非化石能源占一次能源消費(fèi)比重達(dá)到11.4%作為約束性指標(biāo)，明確了未來五年中國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的目標(biāo)任務(wù)和政策導(dǎo)向，提出了控制溫室氣體排放、適應(yīng)氣候變化影響、加強(qiáng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國(guó)際合作等重點(diǎn)任務(wù)。 | The Chinese government attaches great importance to the issue of climate change. In 2011, the Fourth Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress approved the Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, which defines the objectives, tasks and general framework for China's economic and social development during the 12th Five-Year Plan period. The Outline underlines the importance of climate change and integrates measures for addressing it into the country's mid-term and long-term plans for economic and social development. It sets binding targets to reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP by 16 percent, cut CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 17 percent, and raise the proportion of non-fossil fuels in the overall primary energy mix to 11.4 percent. It defines the objectives, tasks and policy orientation of China's response to climate change over the next five years and identifies key tasks, including controlling greenhouse gas emissions, adapting to climate change, and strengthening international cooperation. |
| 為落實(shí)“十二五”時(shí)期中國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化目標(biāo)任務(wù)，推動(dòng)綠色低碳發(fā)展，中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院印發(fā)了《“十二五”控制溫室氣體排放工作方案》、《“十二五”節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案》等一系列重要政策文件，加強(qiáng)對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化工作的規(guī)劃指導(dǎo)。有關(guān)部門和地方政府積極采取行動(dòng)，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化各項(xiàng)工作取得明顯成效。在氣候變化國(guó)際談判中，中國(guó)繼續(xù)發(fā)揮積極建設(shè)性作用，推動(dòng)德班會(huì)議取得積極成果，為應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。 | To fulfill the country's objectives and tasks in addressing climate change during the 12th Five-Year Plan period and promote green and low-carbon development, the State Council has issued a number of important policy documents, including the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions During the 12th Five-Year Plan Period and the Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction During the 12th Five-Year Plan Period, to strengthen planning and guidance in addressing climate change. Relevant departments and local governments have actively addressed climate change and made remarkable progress in this regard. China continues to play a positive and constructive role in international climate change negotiations and pushed for positive outcomes at the Durban Climate Change Conference, thereby making a significant contribution to addressing global climate change. |
| 為使各方面了解中國(guó)2011年以來應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化采取的政策與行動(dòng)及取得的成效，特編寫本年度報(bào)告。 | This annual report has been issued to enable all parties to fully understand China's actions and policies on climate change, and to set out the positive results achieved since 2011. |
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