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?????? 日前，利比亞局勢(shì)引發(fā)世界各國(guó)的關(guān)注。聯(lián)合國(guó)安全理事會(huì)3月17日通過決議，在利比亞設(shè)立禁飛區(qū)，并授權(quán)各成員國(guó)“采取任何必要措施以保護(hù)平民免遭襲擊”。此后，美國(guó)、法國(guó)和英國(guó)立即對(duì)利比亞的戰(zhàn)略要地實(shí)施了軍事打擊。
?????? 設(shè)立禁飛區(qū)與軍事行動(dòng)似有前后關(guān)聯(lián)，但聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)決議中沒有“授權(quán)軍事行動(dòng)”字樣。如何解讀利比亞“禁飛區(qū)”？這成為媒體熱議的話題。
?????? 何謂禁飛區(qū)？
?????? 禁飛區(qū)又稱禁航區(qū)，指某一地的上空禁止任何未經(jīng)特別申請(qǐng)?jiān)S可的飛行器飛入或飛越的空域。禁飛區(qū)有多種形式：一種是主權(quán)國(guó)家在特殊情況下、在特殊時(shí)段對(duì)其領(lǐng)空范圍內(nèi)的特定空域采取的限制飛行的管制措施；另一種是在發(fā)生沖突的情況下，某個(gè)或某些國(guó)家或組織在沖突地域劃定的特殊限制空域，限制沖突相關(guān)方的飛行器在管制空域內(nèi)的飛行活動(dòng)，只有在國(guó)際組織授權(quán)的前提下才具有合法性。
?????? 請(qǐng)看相關(guān)英文報(bào)道：
The UK, U.S. and France have attacked Libyan leader Col. Muammar Gaddafi's forces in the first action to enforce a UN-mandated no-fly zone, BBC reports. Pentagon officials say the U.S. and the UK have fired more than 110 missiles, while French planes struck pro-Gaddafi forces attacking rebel-held Benghazi. Col. Gaddafi has vowed retaliation and said he will open arms depots to the people to defend Libya.
英國(guó)廣播公司消息，英國(guó)、美國(guó)和法國(guó)已經(jīng)向利比亞總統(tǒng)卡扎菲的軍隊(duì)開火。這也是聯(lián)合國(guó)通過在利比亞設(shè)立禁飛區(qū)提議后各國(guó)采取的首次軍事行動(dòng)。五角大樓官員稱，美英兩軍一共發(fā)射了110多枚巡航導(dǎo)彈，法國(guó)戰(zhàn)機(jī)則對(duì)向班加西推進(jìn)的卡扎菲的部隊(duì)進(jìn)行了轟炸，而班加西這個(gè)城市日前由反對(duì)派控制。卡扎菲宣稱要做出反擊，并打開軍火庫(kù)武裝人民以捍衛(wèi)利比亞。
—— Excerpt from Coalition launches Libya attacks
The UN Security Council on Thursday adopted a resolution to authorize a no-fly zone over Libya and called for "all necessary measures," excluding troops on the ground, to protect civilians under threat of attack in the North African country.
...
The Security Council "decides to establish a ban on all flights in the airspace of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in order to protect civilians," the resolution said.
However, the resolution excluded "an occupation force" in Libya.
The enforcement of the no-fly zone was endorsed by the Arab League in its decision at the end of the March 12 meeting on the situation of Libya.
—— Excerpt from UN Security Council okays no-fly zone over Libya
（來源：中國(guó)網(wǎng)學(xué)英語頻道） |
