China's 'nouveaux riches' are not only competing with each to
buy grandiose mansions and fast, expensive cars, their latest
status symbol is a brood of children.
Quite a few of China's wealthy people are increasing skirting
China's one-child family policy by simply paying to have two or
more children.
The one-child family policy was enacted in the 1970's to curb a
huge population explosion. In 2002 the law was amended to allow
ethnic minorities to have more than one child and peasants to have
a second child if their first is a girl. The changes were never
designed to allow city residents of have multiple babies.
The recent amendments imposed fines as a means to prevent
families from giving birth to more than one child. However,
affluent people are now simply paying the 'social maintenance fee'
for a second and subsequent child.
A Beijing newspaper says it's a throw back to old attitudes that
equates large families with wealth, status and happiness.
Business tycoons and show biz celebrities are finding a number
of ways of getting around the one-child family policy. Many simply
pay the fine which can be as high as 150,000 yuan or about
US$20,000 for urban dwellers or as low as 7,000 yuan or almost
US$900 for rural residents. Some wealthy people are even emigrating
abroad for the sole purpose of having a second or third child whom
they bring back to raise in China.
A young millionaire named Yu is fairly typical of those seeking
to spread their seed. He already has two daughters and a son and
yet dreams of adding another baby boy.
"I respect China's traditional culture and values so it is
natural for me - I have both fame and fortune, to have a much large
family. This provides me with real integrate and value," he
said.
Yu is already thinking about his family's future after he's
gone. "More children means more choices, from which I will choose
the most qualified heir to look after my family property," Yu
added.
Traditional Chinese values say the greater the number of
offspring brings greater happiness for a family. These values still
run deep among wealthy merchants and entrepreneurs in China's
economically dynamic regions.
"I already have three children and if I had three more children
I'm financially capable of raising them all. I can ensure them the
best education," Yu proclaimed with self confidence and
contentment.
According to a survey by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), conducted by the
China Youth Daily, nearly 40 percent of the respondents said
they wanted to have a second child.
"Although many people cherish the dream of having more than one
child, only a handful of the new rich can make the dream come true.
How will this inequity affect working families psychologically?"
asked Zhang Yi, a researcher with the CASS Research Institute of
Population and Labor Economy.
Zhang believes the current social maintenance fee has become a
passport for the wealthy to have more children and suggests the fee
should be levied as a proportion of a family's actual income.
This view was echoed by Prof. Zhang Fonggan with the Population
Research Institute under Zhongshan University based in Guangzhou,
capital Guangdong Province.
Zhang said that publicity of the current family planning policy
need to be improved and that fines for breaking the law should be
increased.
With 1.2 billion people China is the most populous country in
the world. Projections show its population will reach 1.33 billion
by the end of 2005 and 1.6 billion in 2050.
(Xinhua News Agency December 14, 2005)