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General Economy
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Gross domestic product (GDP)
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GDP for 2005 was 800.5 billion yuan, up 12.3% from the previous year. The per capita GDP stood at 18,965 yuan, up 12.2%.
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GDP ratio (primary, secondary and tertiary industries)
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The primary industry yielded a value added of 85.36 billion yuan, 7.3% more than that of the previous year; the secondary industry, 390.68 billion yuan, a growth of 16.6%; and the tertiary industry, 324.46 billion yuan, a growth of 9.2%. The GDP ratio of the three sectors was 10.7: 48.8: 40.5.
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Revenue and expenditure
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Provincial revenue was 67.396 billion yuan, an increase of 22.7% over the previous year. Regional expenditure was 118.227 billion yuan, an increase of 26.9%.
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Consumer price index (CPI)
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CPI was up 1.4% from the previous year.
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Investment in fixed assets
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Fixed asset investment was valued at 420.44 billion yuan, up by 40.1% from the previous year.
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Major Industries
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Agriculture
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In 2005, the province's total grain output was 17.458 million tons, an increase of 1.5% from the previous year.
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Industry
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The industrial added value totaled 300.737 billion yuan, an increase of 20.1%.
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Construction
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The contractual value of various projects signed during the year was 208.14 billion yuan, up 21.5%.
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Transportation
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Freight carried by various means of transport for the year was 13.5% up from the previous year to reach 340.06 billion ton-kilometers, which included 119.48 billion ton-kilometers by railway, up 3.2%; 41.55 billion ton-kilometers by highway, up 27.1%; 173.82 billion ton-kilometers by waterway, up 19%; and 160 million ton-kilometers by air, up 10.4%.
The number of passengers carried by various means of transport was 4.5% up to reach 67.31 billion person-kilometers, which included 38.14 billion person-kilometers by railway, up 2.7%; 21.01 billion person-kilometers by highway, up 7.8%; 840 million person-kilometers by waterway, down 0.3%; and 7.32 billion person-kilometers by air, up 5.6%.
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Postal services
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The annual turnover of postal operations totaled 2.31 billion yuan, 12.5% up from the previous year.
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Telecommunications services
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The annual turnover of telecommunications services totaled 42.76 billion yuan, up 20.6%.
At the end of 2005, the number of fixed line subscribers reached 16.612 million, up by 11.5% from 2004. The Internet users numbered 3.318 million.
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Retail
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The annual turnover from retail sales reached 299.9 billion yuan, an increase of 13.5% from the previous year.
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Tourism
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Revenue from tourism totaled 73.46 billion yuan, up 27.9% from the 2004 figure.
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Continued Effects of Market Reform
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Imports & exports
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The annual value of imports and exports totaled US$41.013 billion, up 19.2%. Of this figure, US$23.439 billion were from exports, up 23.9%, and US$17.574 billion were from imports, up 13.4%.
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Economic and technological cooperation
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Overseas project and labor contracts signed during the year numbered 900 and were valued at US$711 million, up 18.3% from the previous year. Business turnover for the year totaled US$652 million, up 16.7% from the previous year. A total of 71,100 people were working outstation at the year-end.
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Foreign investment
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The foreign direct investment which was materialized during the year stood at US$3.59 billion.
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Social Undertakings
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Science and technology
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The annual input in R&D programs totaled 12.72 billion yuan, up 20%. Technology contracts signed during the year numbered 13,826, with contractual value of 8.65 billion yuan, up 15.3%.
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Education
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The number of students enrolled in postgraduate schools and institutions of higher learning during the year stood at 19,600 and 210,500 respectively.
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Culture
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By the end of 2005, the province had a total of 70 arts performance organizations, 102 cultural and arts centers, 126 public libraries and 37 museums.
About 98.17% and 98.19% of the provincial population respectively had access to various radio and TV programs. The cable TV subscribers numbered 4.977 million at the year-end.
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Public health
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At the end of the year, there were 13,351 medical and health institutions staffed with a work force of 208,000 people. Hospitals across the province are provided with 161,800 beds, up 0.8% from the previous year. There were a total of 128 local centers for disease control and prevention.
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Sports
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Athletes from the province won 6 world championships, 8 Asian championships and 74 national championships in various competitions. The sports lottery reaped sales of 1.34 billion yuan, raising a total of 230 million yuan of public funds.
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Welfare and aid
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At the end of 2005, various welfare units across the province were equipped with 75,000 beds and put up 50,000 homeless and vagrant people during the year. There were 5,888 urban community service facilities at the end of the year. The welfare lottery reaped sales of 2.664 billion yuan in 2005, raising public welfare funds of 926 million. Public donations totaled 99 million yuan.
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Population, Employment, Social Security and Living Standards
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Population
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The year 2005 saw births of 296,000, or a birth rate of 7.01‰, and deaths of 255,000, or a mortality rate of 6.04‰. The natural growth rate of the population stood at 0.97‰. At the end of the year, the total population stood at 42.21 million.
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Social security
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In 2005, insurance plans for endowments, unemployment and medical treatment covered a population of 11.935 million, up 8.4%, 6.077 million, down 8.5%, and 8.642 million, up 10.3%, respectively. About 1.419 million people received minimum living allowances from government.
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Residents' income
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The disposable income of urban residents was 9,108 yuan per capita, up by 12.8% from 2004. Rural residents' per capita net income was 3,690 yuan, up 7.3%.
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Geography and Natural Conditions
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Topography
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The coastline of Liaoning Province is 2,178 kilometers long – nearly 12% of China's total. The hilly regions in east Liaoning are the main area for forest. Adjoining the long, narrow costal plains (usually called the Liaoxi Corridor) is the main road for northeast China, linking with north China. Liaohe Plain in Central Liaoning, as a part of the Northeastern China Plain, has sedimentary deposits from the Liaohe River and other tributaries. The plain has abundant water and fertile soil, and is the main farming area and commodity grain base in the province.
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Climate
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Liaoning has a continental monsoon climate with distinct seasonal variations. It has an annual rainfall of 714.9 mm, annual average temperature of 4℃-10℃ with a frost-free period of 140-200 days.
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Natural resources
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Water resources
There are 392 rivers of a total length of 160,000 kilometers with a drainage area of 145,000 sq. km in the province. Liaohe River, one of the seven longest rivers in China, is 512 kilometers long and has a drainage area of 69,000 sq. km in the province. The average runoff of rivers in Liaoning has reached 32.5 billion cubic meters, or a 223 mm runoff depth. The province has a total water resource of 36.3 billion cubic meters.
Liaoning has plentiful fishing resources with its marine life area ranking second in China.
Minerals
Nearly 115 minerals have been found in Liaoning, and reserves of 64 minerals have been located. Its reserves of minerals such as iron, boron, magnesite, diamonds and talcum are some of the largest deposits in China.
Liaohe Oil Field is the third largest oil and natural gas field in China. Its reserves of oil and natural gas account for 15% and 10% of the country's total.
Biological resources
Liaoning has a total forestry area of 4.185 million hectares, with 28.7% forest cover. It also has a lot of fruit trees. It has the third largest total area of fruit in the defoliated zone and the second largest production in the area.
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Tourism resources
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Liaoning has over 11,300 cultural remains, including 19 national-level key protection units and 159 provincial-level key protection units. There are 7 state-class natural reserves and 7 provincial-class natural reserves.
Some of the folk festivals attract the attention of both domestic and foreign visitors such as the Dalian Costume Festival.
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