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General Economy
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Gross domestic product (GDP)
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GDP for 2005 was 306.91 billion yuan, up 11.5% from the previous year. The per capita GDP stood at 10,978 yuan (US$1,340), up 11.6%
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GDP ratio (primary, secondary and tertiary industries)
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The primary industry yielded a value added of 46.342 billion yuan, 4.5% more than that of the previous year; the secondary industry, 125.832 billion yuan, a growth of 12.9%; the tertiary industry, 134.736 billion yuan, a growth of 12.3%. The GDP ratio of the three sectors is 5.4: 50.6: 44.0.
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Revenue and expenditure
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Chongqing's revenue was 39.496 billion yuan, an increase of 30.6% over the previous year. Municipal expenditure was 62.562 billion yuan, an increase of 29.0%.
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Consumer price index (CPI)
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CPI was up 0.8% from the previous year.
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Investment in fixed assets
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Fixed asset investment was valued at 200.632 billion yuan, up by 23.7% from the previous year.
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Major Industries
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Agriculture
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In 2004, Chongqing's agricultural output value totaled 66.219 million yuan, an increase of 5.2% from the previous year. The total grain output reached 11.682 million tons, up 2.1% from the previous year.
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Industry
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The industrial added value totaled 102.335 billion yuan, an increase of 14.0%.
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High-tech
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The year saw an increase of 76 high-tech enterprises, raising the total number of such enterprises to 628. The total output value from high-tech industries was 128.119 billion yuan, up 31.8% from 2004.
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Construction
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Its added value was 23.497 billion yuan, up by 7.9%.
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Transportation
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Freight carried by various means of transport during the year amounted to a total of 62.49 billion ton-kilometers, 20.8% up from the previous year. Passengers carried by various means of transport numbered 30.871 billion person-kilometers during the year, up 3.1% from the year before.
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Postal services
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The annual turnover of postal operations totaled 1.055 billion yuan, up 12.1%.
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Telecommunications services
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The annual turnover of telecom services totaled 20.132 billion yuan, up by 10.8%. At the year-end, the number of fixed line subscribers reached 6.889 million, an increase of 465,200, and the number of mobile phone subscribers reached 9.434 million, an increase of 1.293 million. Internet users numbered 1.287 million, a drop of 28,400.
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Retail
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The annual turnover from retail sales reached 121.576 billion yuan, an increase of 15.3% from the previous year.
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Tourism
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Revenue from tourism totaled 30.112 billion yuan, up by 15.9% from the 2004 figure. Of this amount, US$264 million were from overseas tourists, up 30.2%.
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Continued Effects of Market Reform
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Imports & exports
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The annual value of imports and exports totaled US$4.293 billion, up by 11.3% from the year before. Of this figure, US$2.521 billion were from exports, up 20.5%, and US$1.772 were from imports, up 0.3%.
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Economic and technological cooperation
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Overseas project and labor contracts signed during the year were valued at US$185 million, 24.9% up from the previous year. Business turnover for the year totaled US$121 million, up by 20.4%.
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Foreign investment
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The foreign direct investment which was materialized during the year stood at US$516 million.
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Urban Construction and Management
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Road transport
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By the end of 2005, about 36,535 km of highways had been open to traffic, an increase of 4,191 km from the previous year-end. A total of 339.7 km of urban streets were newly built or renovated.
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Public utilities
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During the year, a total of 2.055 million square meters of dilapidated buildings were renovated; 570.66 km of drain pipes were newly laid; and 263 km of water supply pipes were newly laid or renovated, adding 240,000 tons to the previous daily capacity of water supply.
5 sewage treatment plants and 6 garbage treatment facilities were built during the year, raising daily capacity of sewage treatment by 927,500 tons, and the daily capacity of rubbish disposal by 515.5 tons.
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Social Undertakings
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Science and technology
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The annual investment in research and development totaled 3.1 billion yuan, accounting for 1% of the city's GDP. 6 municipal laboratories and 10 engineering and technology research centers were put into operation.
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Education
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There were 35 institutions of higher learning, 1,414 middle schools and 9,558 primary schools in Chongqing at the end of 2005. The number of students enrolled in institutions of higher learning during the year stood at 121,400. About 99.9% of school age children had access to primary school education.
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Culture
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By the end of 2005, Chongqing had a total of 29 arts performance organizations, 41 cultural and arts centers, 43 public libraries, and 16 museums. About 96% of the municipal population had access to TV programs.
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Public health
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At the end of the year, there were 2,447 medical and health institutions staffed with a work force of 78,780 people and equipped with 64,382 beds. 7 urban districts and counties were involved in piloting the new cooperative medical service system, which covered 2.3 million, or 60.5% of, rural residents at the year-end.
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Sports
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Athletes from Chongqing won 2 gold medals, 5 silver medals and 2.5 bronze medals at the 10th National Games.
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Poverty relief
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A total of 130,000 people were relocated during the year. About 523 million yuan were allocated for poverty relief endeavor. The population in absolute poverty was reduced from 660,000 to 550,000. 222,000 rural residents began to have easier access to drinking water.
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Population, Employment, Social Security and Living Standards
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Population
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The year 2005 saw a birth rate of 9.4‰ and a death rat of 6.4‰. The natural growth rate of the population stood at 3.0‰. At the end of the year, the total population with registered household stood at 27.98 million.
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Employment
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The employed population at the end of 2005 stood at 17.076 million. About 151,500 laid-off workers got re-employed during the year.
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Registered unemployment rate
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The registered urban unemployment rate was 4.1%.
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Social security
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By the end of 2005, insurance plans for endowments, medical treatment and unemployment had covered a population of 1.896 million, an increase of 26,000 from the previous year-end; 2.377 million, an increase of 313,900; and 1.882 million, a reduction of 53,000, respectively. About 757,400 people had received minimum living allowance from the government, an increase of 58,824 from the end of 2004. 7,959 more of rural residents received minimum living allowance, raising the total number of such rural residents to 12,934.
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Residents' income
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The disposable income of urban residents was 10,244 yuan per capita, up by 10.2% from 2004. Rural residents' per capita net income was 2,809 yuan, up 11.9%.
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Residents' consumption
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Urban residents' per capita expenditure was 8,623 yuan, up by 8.2% from the previous year. Rural residents' per capita expenditure was 2,142 yuan, up by 15.5%.
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Geography and Natural Conditions
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Climate
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Chongqing is located in the sub-tropical climate zone. Its average annual temperature is around 18℃. It has a total annual sunshine time of 1,000-1200 hours. The annual rainfall averages 1,000–1,400 mm.
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Natural resources
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It has crisscrossing rivers and the water resources can generate 7.5 million kw of power. Chongqing has one of the three largest resources of mineral water in China. It has 38 kinds of mineral deposits, including coal, natural gas, strontium, aluminum oxide, manganese, limestone, marble, spar, gypsum, quartz, mercury, and rock salt. Chongqing leads China and ranks second in the world in deposits of strontium.
Chongqing's weather is changeable, and the area has many species of plants and animals.
In addition, Chongqing has vast rural areas with large populations -- a great potential for the development of agriculture. The cost of labor is comparatively low.
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Tourism resources
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Chongqing is proud of its tourism resources, with mountains, rivers, forests, springs, waterfalls, gorges, and caves all displaying the majesty, the fantasy, the danger, and the seclusion of nature. The famous tourist attractions include the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River; the night view of the City of Mountains; the rock carvings at Dazu, a World Cultural Heritages site; the Lotus Cave near the Four-Sided Mountains; and Tiankeng (Heavenly Pit) and Difeng (Earthly Rift Valley), two rare geological spectacles at Fengjie.
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