Beijing's Central Axis and Tian'anmen Square

Tian'anmen Gate stands directly in the center of Beijing. An imaginary axis line, 7.8 kilometers long, begins in the south at Yongdingmen Gate (no longer extant) in the former outer city wall; further north, it passes through Zhengyangmen Gate (SouthFacing gate, popularly known as Qianmen or Front Gate), Tian'anmen Gate and Duanmen Gate (which stand before the Imperial Palace), and Wumen Gate, the southernmost entrance to the palace proper. From there, it continues north through its northernmost gate, Shenwumen (Gate of Giving Prowess). It then passes through Longevity Pavilion (Wanshouting) atop Prospect Hill (Jingshan) and ends at the Drum and Bell Towers.

This axis splits the city into approximate halves, each of which was built in Ming times with symmetrically arranged pairs of gates. Although the gates have been torn down to make way for modern roadways, their names are still used to designate city districts: for example, Dongzhimen and Xizhimen, Fuchengmen and Chaoyangmen, and Xuanwumen and Chongwenmen. It is curious to note that the central axis passing through Tian'anmen lies approximately 200 meters east of the true axis of symmetry as calculated from the distance between the city walls.

With the exception of the Imperial Palace, nearly all the structures built in and around Tian'anmen Square after the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, gates with three openings each stood at the southern, eastern and western extremes of a narrow plaza south of Tian'anmen Gate.

In the Ming Dynasty, a roofed walkway called the "Thousand Bu Corridor" was built within this plaza. Bu means both "footstep" and a distance equal to approximately five feet.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the principal organs of the Chinese government established their offices on either side of the walkway. To the east were the Ministries of Ceremonies, Finance, War, Works, Personnel, Meteorology and Astronomy. To the west, during the Ming Period, were the Bureau of Embroidered Robes (Jinyiwei), which supervised espionage activities, and the five chief military commissions. In the Qing, the Ministry of Punishments, the Censorate and the Taichangsi (an office responsible for ceremonies and sacrifices) were located here. The whole area in those days was crowded with luxuriantly dressed officials and fine palanquins.

In 1949 the square was greatly expanded, taking on an entirely new aspect. It was here, on October 1, 1949 that Mao Zedong, speaking before a crowed of 300,000, proclaimed the founding of the People's Republic of China, and raised for the first time the Chinese national flag. Ever since, a large portrait of Mao Zedong has hung over the central archway of Tian'anmen Gate. The large plaques to each side read, "Long Live the People's Republic of China "and "Long Live the Unity of the Peoples of the world."

(China.org.cn)
Principal Sites Around the Forbidden City
Major Historical Sites
Tales of Streets and Hutongs
Public Parks and Former Gardens
Places Commemorating Famous People
Museums, Schools and Cultural Institutions
Temples, Mosques and Churches
Scenic Spots on the Suburbs of Beijing
A General Survey of Beijing
Facilities and Infrastructure
Shopping, Eating and Accommodation
Copyright ?China Internet Information Center. All Rights Reserved
E-mail: webmaster@china.org.cn Tel: 86-10-68326688
主站蜘蛛池模板: 黄瓜视频芭乐视频app下载| 99香蕉国产精品偷在线观看| 最好的中文字幕2018免费视频| 亚洲综合久久综合激情久久| 精品人妻一区二区三区四区在线| 国产乱码一区二区三区爽爽爽| 免费成人激情视频| 国产精品美女一区二区视频| ass亚洲**毛茸茸pics| 希岛婚前侵犯中文字幕在线| 丰满岳乱妇在线观看中字无码| 日韩欧美在线不卡| 亚洲不卡av不卡一区二区| 欧美日韩激情在线一区二区| 亚洲视频在线观看免费视频| 神宫寺奈绪jul055在线播放| 又粗又大又黄又硬又爽毛片| 色综合久久久无码中文字幕波多 | 狂野欧美激情性xxxx| 免费观看国产精品| 精品小视频在线观看| 四虎在线最新永久免费| 色狠狠一区二区三区香蕉蜜桃| 国产做床爱无遮挡免费视频| 黑人一区二区三区中文字幕| 国产片91人成在线观看| www.人人干| 国产精品亚洲二区在线观看| 3atv国产精品视频| 国产精选之刘婷野战| 999国产高清在线精品| 大胸年轻继拇3在线观看| hentai里番在线| 女性高爱潮视频| 一个人免费播放在线视频看片| 宅男噜噜噜66网站| 一本伊大人香蕉高清在线观看| 成人18xxxx网站| 一级特黄aaa大片在| 性色AV一区二区三区无码| 一级黄色片在线观看|