The System for Efficient Utilization of Resources
The exploitation and utilization of resources should meet the current generation's desire for a happy life, and also leave a solid foundation for future generations.
The report to the CPC's 19th National Congress in 2017 announced the decision to encourage conservation across the board and promote recycling. The 19th CPC Central Committee, at its fourth plenary session in October 2019, decided to establish a system for efficient utilization of resources. This is a far-sighted top-level institutional design of importance to China's long-term development.
The system for efficient utilization of resources means changing the traditional model featuring massive production, massive consumption and massive emissions, keeping economic and human activities within the carrying capacity of natural resources and the eco-environment, and balancing resources, production, consumption and other factors, thus generating the maximum economic and social benefits at the minimum cost to resources and the environment. This will lead to new models of resource utilization and new thinking on work and lifestyle, which are obviously different from the traditional models that often result in occupation of large natural space, massive consumption of resources, and serious eco-environmental damage.
In establishing this system, people need to save and recycle resources, improve the system of property rights of natural resource assets, and implement the system for total consumption control and comprehensive resource conservation. The management of obligatory targets should be reinforced, and a sound resource pricing mechanism should be set up to fully reflect market supply and demand, scarcity of resources, ecological value, and cost of environmental damage. A system for market-oriented green technology innovation will be adopted to support energy-saving and eco-friendly industries. The system for resource recycling will be improved, and waste sorting will be spread across the whole society. Efforts are also needed to champion rational consumption, diligence and frugality.
資源高效利用制度
人類對(duì)資源的開發(fā)利用既要考慮服務(wù)于當(dāng)代人過(guò)上幸福生活，也要為子孫后代留下生存根基。中共十九大報(bào)告指出，推進(jìn)資源全面節(jié)約和循環(huán)利用。中共十九屆四中全會(huì)《決定》進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)，要全面建立資源高效利用制度。這是一個(gè)關(guān)乎全局和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的頂層制度設(shè)計(jì)，即改變傳統(tǒng)的“大量生產(chǎn)、大量消耗、大量排放”的生產(chǎn)模式和消費(fèi)模式，把經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)、人的行為限制在自然資源和生態(tài)環(huán)境能夠承受的限度內(nèi)，使資源、生產(chǎn)、消費(fèi)等要素相匹配相適應(yīng)，用最少的資源環(huán)境代價(jià)取得最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)效益，形成與大量占有自然空間、顯著消耗資源、嚴(yán)重惡化生態(tài)環(huán)境的傳統(tǒng)發(fā)展方式明顯不同的資源利用和生產(chǎn)生活方式。
全面建立資源高效利用制度，要樹立節(jié)約集約循環(huán)利用的資源觀，健全自然資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度，實(shí)行資源總量管理和全面節(jié)約制度。要強(qiáng)化約束性指標(biāo)管理，加快建立健全充分反映市場(chǎng)供求和資源稀缺程度、體現(xiàn)生態(tài)價(jià)值和環(huán)境損害成本的資源環(huán)境價(jià)格機(jī)制。要構(gòu)建市場(chǎng)導(dǎo)向的綠色技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系，大力發(fā)展節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)。要完善資源循環(huán)利用制度，實(shí)行垃圾分類回收，構(gòu)建覆蓋全社會(huì)的資源循環(huán)利用體系。要倡導(dǎo)合理消費(fèi)，推動(dòng)形成勤儉節(jié)約的社會(huì)風(fēng)尚。
