Environmental Supervision
Environmental supervision aims to integrate the efforts of pollution prevention and control and eco-environmental conservation through supervision, management and other means, to reinforce unified supervision, to adopt unified policies, plans and standards, and to conduct unified monitoring and evaluation, law enforcement supervision and accountability inspection, so as to achieve balance between humanity and the environment. The state environmental protection supervisory organizations will be entrusted to conduct the supervision.
The 18th CPC Central Committee, at its third plenary session in 2013, decided to reform the eco-environmental protection management system, and establish a sound system to strictly supervise the emission of all pollutants and independently conduct environmental supervision and administrative law enforcement.
The CPC's 19th National Congress decided to reform the environmental regulation system. Relevant measures included establishing regulatory agencies to manage state-owned natural resources and monitor natural ecosystems, and improving environmental management systems. These agencies will, in a unified way, perform the duties of the owner of public-owned natural resources, of regulating the use of all territorial space and protecting and restoring ecosystems, of monitoring the discharge of all pollutants in urban and rural areas, and of conducting administrative law enforcement.
The environmental supervision system is an important means to promote quality development of the green economy and transformation of the model of economic growth.
生態環境監管
生態環境監管，即通過一系列監督、管理的手段和行為，貫通污染防治和生態保護，強化生態保護修復的統一監管，實現統一政策、規劃、標準制定，統一監測評估、監督執法、督察問責，實現人與生態環境關系的協調和平衡。生態環境監管主體是國家環境保護監督管理機構。
2013年11月，中共十八屆三中全會《決定》對改革生態環境保護管理體制作出部署，提出建立和完善嚴格監管所有污染物排放的環境保護管理制度，獨立進行環境監管和行政執法。2017年10月，中共十九大對改革生態環境監管體制作出部署，提出設立國有自然資源資產管理和自然生態監管機構，完善生態環境管理制度，統一行使全民所有自然資源資產所有者職責，統一行使所有國土空間用途管制和生態保護修復職責，統一行使監管城鄉各類污染排放和行政執法職責。生態環境監管是推動綠色經濟高質量發展的重要途徑，是順應中國社會主要矛盾變化、促進經濟增長方式轉變的必要措施。
