The Second Plenary Session of the Seventh CPC Central Committee
From March 5 to 13, 1949, the Seventh Central Committee of the CPC held its second plenary session at Xibaipo.
This meeting was held following the victories in the Liaoxi-Shenyang, Huai-Hai and Beiping-Tianjin campaigns and the defeat of the main forces of the KMT, and prior to a nationwide victory. A total of 34 Central Committee members and 19 alternate members attended the session, and 11 people were present at the meeting as non-voting members.
The session listened to and discussed Mao Zedong's report, approved the work of the Political Bureau since the first plenary session in June 1945, approved the proposals on convening a new political consultative conference and on founding a democratic coalition government, and approved Mao Zedong's statement indicating the Party's willingness to negotiate peace with the Nanjing-based KMT government on the basis of eight terms.
In line with Mao's report, the session set out policies to achieve rapid nationwide victory in the war, and drew a blueprint for the subsequent construction of the New Democracy. It also defined the Party's basic political, economic and foreign policies, set the general strategy and tactics for transforming China from an agricultural to an industrial country and from a new-democratic to a socialist society, and discussed how to shift the Party's focus from the rural areas to the cities.
The session pointed out that after achieving a nationwide victory and solving the land issue, China would face two principal conflicts – internally, between the working class and the bourgeoisie and, externally, between China and imperialist countries.
The session particularly emphasized the need to strengthen ideological education inside the Party, so as to prevent the bourgeois ideology from corroding the Party ranks. It reminded Party members to remain modest, prudent and free from arrogance and rashness in their work, continue a plain lifestyle, and preserve the virtues of hard struggle.
The session was held at a critical point in the Chinese revolution and had far-reaching significance. The policies adopted at the session helped ensure a nationwide victory, and served as guidance for the various undertakings of the new government.
中共七屆二中全會
1949年3月5日至13日，中共中央在河北省平山縣西柏坡村召開了中國共產黨第七屆中央委員會第二次全體會議。全會是在遼沈、平津、淮海三大戰役取得偉大勝利，國民黨軍隊主力被殲滅，中國人民解放戰爭即將取得全國勝利前夕召開的。出席全會的有中央委員34人，候補中央委員19人，列席會議11人。
全會聽取并討論了毛澤東的報告，批準了1945年6月七屆一中全會以來中央政治局的工作，批準了由中國共產黨發起的關于召開新的政治協商會議及成立民主聯合政府的建議，批準了毛澤東關于以八項條件作為與南京政府進行和平談判基礎的聲明。全會根據毛澤東的報告，制定了促進革命取得全國勝利和組織這個勝利的方針，確定了革命勝利后新民主主義建設的藍圖；規定了全國勝利后，黨在政治、經濟、外交方面應當采取的基本政策，以及使中國由農業國轉變為工業國、由新民主主義社會轉變到社會主義社會的總的任務和主要途徑；討論了黨的工作重心由鄉村向城市實行戰略轉移的問題。這次全會指出，革命在全國勝利并解決了土地問題以后，中國還存在著兩種基本矛盾，國內是工人階級和資產階級的矛盾，國外是中國和帝國主義國家的矛盾。
這次全會還特別強調應加強黨的思想建設，防止資產階級思想侵蝕黨的隊伍，提醒全黨在革命勝利后務必繼續保持謙虛、謹慎、不驕、不躁的作風，務必繼續保持艱苦奮斗的作風。
中共七屆二中全會是在中國革命轉折關頭召開的一次具有深遠歷史意義的會議，它所作出的各項政策規定，不僅對迎接中國革命在全國的勝利，而且對新中國的建設事業，都具有巨大的指導作用。
