"One Country, Two Systems"
"One country, two systems" is a basic policy devised by the Chinese government for realizing peaceful reunification of the country. Under the "one country, two systems" framework, there is but one China, and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are inseparable parts of the People's Republic of China, but they will retain their existing economic system for a prolonged period of time as special administrative regions, while the rest of China implements a socialist system. Internationally, however, the PRC alone represents China.
This is a creative concept based on China's history and current realities, designed to achieve national reunification through peaceful means.
During his visit to the US in early 1979, Deng Xiaoping said that solving the Taiwan question was an internal matter for China. He indicated that the slogan "to liberate Taiwan" had been abandoned and said that if China could be reunited, the central government would respect the current reality and system practiced in Taiwan.
In January 1982, Deng put forward the idea of "one country, two systems," and this policy was written into the Chinese Constitution as amended at the Fifth Session of the Fifth NPC held in February.
Following diplomatic negotiations, in December 1984 the governments of China and Britain signed a joint declaration on the question of Hong Kong, and in April 1987 the governments of China and Portugal signed a joint declaration on the question of Macao. In line with the "one country, two systems" policy, the Chinese government resumed its exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong on July 1, 1997 and Macao on December 20, 1999. Hong Kong and Macao were again included in the national governance system and began to develop together with other parts of the country. They will remain part of the motherland. The practice of "one country, two systems" in both regions has been a resounding success and created a model for the solution of the Taiwan question.
In his report to the 19th CPC National Congress in October 2017, Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of following the policy of "one country, two systems" to promote national reunification. He said that resolving the Taiwan question to realize China's complete reunification is the shared aspiration of all Chinese people, and is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.
Peaceful reunification and "one country, two systems" are the fundamental means to solve the Taiwan question, and also the best way to achieve national reunification. The CPC and the Chinese government will strive for peaceful reunification with the greatest sincerity.
"One country, two systems" is a creation of Chinese socialism, a strategy never tried before in history. It offers the international community a new approach to addressing similar issues, and is a contribution to world peace and development on the part of China.
“一國(guó)兩制”
“一國(guó)兩制”，即“一個(gè)國(guó)家，兩種制度”，是中國(guó)政府為實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家和平統(tǒng)一而提出的基本國(guó)策。“一國(guó)兩制”的基本內(nèi)容是：在一個(gè)中國(guó)的前提下，國(guó)家的主體堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義制度，香港、澳門(mén)、臺(tái)灣是中華人民共和國(guó)不可分割的部分，它們作為特別行政區(qū)保持原有的資本主義制度長(zhǎng)期不變。在國(guó)際上代表中國(guó)的，只能是中華人民共和國(guó)。
中共十一屆三中全會(huì)后，以鄧小平同志為主要代表的中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人從歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)出發(fā)，創(chuàng)造性地提出了“一國(guó)兩制”的偉大構(gòu)想，開(kāi)辟了以和平方式實(shí)現(xiàn)祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一的新途徑。1979年年初，鄧小平在應(yīng)邀訪美期間指出，用什么方式解決臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題是中國(guó)內(nèi)政，我們不再用“解放臺(tái)灣”這個(gè)提法，如果兩岸能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)統(tǒng)一，我們將尊重那里的現(xiàn)實(shí)和制度。1982年1月，鄧小平首次明確提出了“一國(guó)兩制”的概念。同年2月，五屆全國(guó)人大五次會(huì)議通過(guò)《中華人民共和國(guó)憲法》，及時(shí)將這一重大方針政策確定下來(lái)。通過(guò)外交談判，中國(guó)政府與英國(guó)政府于1984年12月簽署《關(guān)于香港問(wèn)題的聯(lián)合聲明》，與葡萄牙政府于1987年4月簽署《關(guān)于澳門(mén)問(wèn)題的聯(lián)合聲明》。按照“一國(guó)兩制”方針，中國(guó)政府先后于1997年7月1日和1999年12月20日對(duì)香港和澳門(mén)恢復(fù)行使主權(quán)。香港、澳門(mén)回歸祖國(guó)后，重新納入國(guó)家治理體系，走上同祖國(guó)共同發(fā)展、永不分離的寬廣道路。“一國(guó)兩制”實(shí)踐取得了舉世公認(rèn)的成功，為解決臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題樹(shù)立了光輝典范。
2017年10月，習(xí)近平在中共十九大報(bào)告中強(qiáng)調(diào)，堅(jiān)持“一國(guó)兩制”，推進(jìn)祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一。解決臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題、實(shí)現(xiàn)祖國(guó)完全統(tǒng)一，是全體中華兒女共同愿望，是中華民族根本利益所在。“和平統(tǒng)一、一國(guó)兩制”是解決臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題的基本方針，也是實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家統(tǒng)一的最佳方式。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨和中國(guó)政府將以最大誠(chéng)意、盡最大努力爭(zhēng)取和平統(tǒng)一的前景。
“一國(guó)兩制”是中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的一個(gè)偉大創(chuàng)舉，是一項(xiàng)前無(wú)古人的開(kāi)創(chuàng)性事業(yè)，是中國(guó)為國(guó)際社會(huì)解決類(lèi)似問(wèn)題提供的一個(gè)新思路新方案，是中華民族為世界和平與發(fā)展作出的新貢獻(xiàn)，凝結(jié)了海納百川、有容乃大的中國(guó)智慧。
