Supply-Side Structural Reform
Based on an in-depth analysis of the long cycle of the world economy and the new normal of China's economy, supply-side structural reform is one of the major strategies of the CPC and the Chinese government. It will guide the country's economic development and economic work now and in the future.
Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of supply-side structural reform at the 11th meeting of the Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs under the CPC Central Committee in November 2015. In his report to the Party's 19th National Congress, he pointed out that it is imperative to put quality first and give priority to performance, pursue supply-side structural reform as the main task, work hard toward better quality, higher efficiency and more robust drivers of economic growth through reform, and raise total factor productivity. He called for efforts to cut overcapacity, eliminate excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, strengthen areas of weakness, and achieve a dynamic balance between supply and demand by improving the allocation of available resources and increasing high-quality supply.
The Central Conference on Economic Work held in December 2018 pointed out that the focus of supply-side structural reform should be placed on "consolidating the progress already made, strengthening the vigor of market entities, upgrading industrial chains, and ensuring unimpeded flows."
The ultimate goal of supply-side structural reform is to meet demand. In order to meet demand, China must have a clear sense of market changes and understand current and potential demand, so that products can be made available through increased productivity to meet the growing material and cultural needs of the population.
In order to improve the quality of supply, China must weed out ineffective supply and ensure that supply is structured in a way that can effectively meet demand.
The fundamental approach to achieving this is in-depth reform. Institutions must be put in place to allow the market to play a decisive role in the allocation of resources. Further reform is also needed in administrative systems in order to break up monopolies and maintain a healthy factor market, so that the price mechanism can truly serve as a guide for resource allocation.
China's supply-side structural reform over the past few years has helped tackle structural problems in the economy, hold key economic indicators within an appropriate range, steadily enhance quality and performance, and promote a transition from made-in-China to created-in-China, from high speed to high quality, and from a big manufacturing country to a strong manufacturing country.
供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革
推進(jìn)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨和中國(guó)政府在綜合分析世界經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)周期和中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新常態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)上作出的重大決策，是當(dāng)前和今后一個(gè)時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的主線。
2015年11月，習(xí)近平在中央財(cái)經(jīng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組第十一次會(huì)議上提出推進(jìn)“供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革”這一重要戰(zhàn)略決策。2017年10月，中共十九大報(bào)告提出，堅(jiān)持質(zhì)量第一、效益優(yōu)先，以供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革為主線，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量變革、效率變革、動(dòng)力變革，提高全要素生產(chǎn)率。堅(jiān)持去產(chǎn)能、去庫(kù)存、去杠桿、降成本、補(bǔ)短板，優(yōu)化存量資源配置，擴(kuò)大優(yōu)質(zhì)增量供給，實(shí)現(xiàn)供需動(dòng)態(tài)平衡。2018年12月，中央經(jīng)濟(jì)工作會(huì)議提出深化供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的方針，即在“鞏固、增強(qiáng)、提升、暢通”上下功夫。
供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，最終目的是滿足需求，就是深入研究市場(chǎng)變化，理解現(xiàn)實(shí)需求和潛在需求，在解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力中更好滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的物質(zhì)文化需要。主攻方向是提高供給質(zhì)量，就是減少無(wú)效供給、擴(kuò)大有效供給，著力提升整個(gè)供給體系質(zhì)量，提高供給結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)需求結(jié)構(gòu)的適應(yīng)性和靈活性。根本途徑是深化改革，就是完善市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起決定性作用的體制機(jī)制，深化行政管理體制改革，打破壟斷，健全要素市場(chǎng)，使價(jià)格機(jī)制真正引導(dǎo)資源配置。
幾年來(lái)，中國(guó)堅(jiān)持供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的戰(zhàn)略方向，著力破解經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾和問(wèn)題，促進(jìn)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行始終保持在合理區(qū)間，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量效益的穩(wěn)步提升，推進(jìn)中國(guó)制造向中國(guó)創(chuàng)造、中國(guó)速度向中國(guó)質(zhì)量、制造大國(guó)向制造強(qiáng)國(guó)的轉(zhuǎn)變。
