Nuclear Emergency Preparedness and Response in China
China always attaches great importance to nuclear emergency management and puts the safety of the people and society first. The National Nuclear Accident Emergency Committee established in 1991 is tasked with overall planning for and coordination of nuclear emergency preparedness and response and rescue operations at the national level. The Regulations on Emergency Measures for Nuclear Accidents at Nuclear Power Plants of 1993 and the first National Nuclear Emergency Response Plan of 1997 provide guidance on nuclear emergency preparedness and response.
Improving nuclear and radiological emergency response is an ongoing process. A three-tiered nuclear emergency management system has been established at the levels of the state, provinces and nuclear facility operators. It consists of, among others, a 300-member national nuclear emergency rescue team, 25 professional rescue units, 8 types of national nuclear emergency support centers, 3 rapid response support bases ready to respond to nuclear power plant accidents, and 17 medical centers for radiation injury treatment. Joint nuclear emergency drills are conducted regularly.
China has acceded to the Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident and the Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency, and strictly fulfilled the obligations under the conventions. China continues to expand international cooperation in nuclear emergency preparedness and response to promote the establishment of an international nuclear safety and emergency response system with an eye to the future and share with the international community its achievements in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. In May 2014, China joined the International Nuclear Emergency Response and Assistance Network in a move that supports the strengthening of an international nuclear emergency system.
中國的核應(yīng)急
中國高度重視核應(yīng)急，始終以對(duì)人民安全和社會(huì)安全高度負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度強(qiáng)化核應(yīng)急管理。 1991年，成立國家核事故應(yīng)急委員會(huì)，統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)全國核事故應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備和救援工作。 1993年，發(fā)布《核電廠核事故應(yīng)急管理?xiàng)l例》，對(duì)核應(yīng)急作出基本規(guī)范。 1997年，發(fā)布第一部《國家核應(yīng)急計(jì)劃（預(yù)案）》，對(duì)核應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備與響應(yīng)作出部署。
中國持續(xù)提升核與輻射事故應(yīng)急能力。建立國家、省和核設(shè)施營(yíng)運(yùn)單位三級(jí)核應(yīng)急組織管理體系。組建 300人的國家核應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)和 25支專業(yè)救援分隊(duì)，設(shè)立 8類國家級(jí)核應(yīng)急專業(yè)技術(shù)支持中心，建立 3個(gè)核電企業(yè)核事故快速支援基地，建有核輻射損傷救治基地 17家，定期開展核應(yīng)急聯(lián)合演習(xí)。
中國先后加入《及早通報(bào)核事故公約》《核事故或輻射緊急情況援助公約》，嚴(yán)格履行公約義務(wù)，深化核應(yīng)急領(lǐng)域國際合作，推進(jìn)建立面向未來的國際核安全應(yīng)急體系，國際社會(huì)共享和平利用核能事業(yè)成果。2014年5月，中國加入“國際核應(yīng)急響應(yīng)與援助網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，為國際社會(huì)核應(yīng)急體系建設(shè)提供支持。
