Administrative Framework
The China Atomic Energy Authority (CAEA) is the competent authority for the nuclear industry in China. It is responsible for:
□ the development and implementation of policies, regulations, programs, plans, and industry standards with regards to the nuclear industry (excluding nuclear power);
□ nuclear security and nuclear material control, nuclear facilities decommissioning and radioactive waste management, nuclear export review and management, and exchanges and cooperation with foreign governments and international organizations in the nuclear field; and
□ the assumption of a leading role in national nuclear emergency management.
The National Energy Administration (NEA) is the competent authority for nuclear power in China. It is responsible for:
□ developing laws, regulations and rules concerning nuclear power;
□ developing development plans, access conditions and technical standards for nuclear power;
□ proposing geographical distribution of nuclear power plants and reviewing major projects;
□ organizing, coordinating and guiding scientific research in the field of nuclear power; □ organizing emergency management in case of accidents at nuclear power plants; and
□ conducting exchanges and cooperation with foreign governments on issues concerning nuclear power.
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment (National Nuclear Safety Administration) (MEE/NNSA) is the regulatory body for nuclear safety in China. It is responsible for:
□ centralized supervision and monitoring of nuclear facility safety, radiation safety and protection of the environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiation;
□ supervision and monitoring of nuclear power plants, research reactors and critical facilities, nuclear fuel cycle facilities, radioactive waste, radioactive sources and radiation devices, nuclear material, civil nuclear safety equipment, uranium (thorium) mines and associated minerals, and the safe transportation of radioactive materials;
□ qualification management of reactor operators and personnel engaged in special processes of nuclear equipment; and
□ implementation of the international conventions on nuclear and radiation safety.
Under the direction of the State Council, other authorities also have nuclear-related responsibilities in their respective areas of focus.
政府管理體系
國家原子能機構是中國政府的核工業主管部門，負責研究制定中國核工業（除核電外）的政策、法規、規劃、計劃和行業標準，并組織實施；負責核安保與核材料管制、核設施退役及放射性廢物管理、核出口審查和管理、核領域政府間及與國際組織的交流與合作；牽頭負責國家核事故應急管理工作。
國家能源局是中國政府的核電主管部門，負責擬定核電法律法規和規章；擬定核電發展規劃、準入條件、技術標準；提出核電布局和重大項目審核意見；組織協調和指導核電科研工作；組織核電廠的核事故應急管理工作；核電領域政府間國際合作與交流。
生態環境部（國家核安全局）是中國政府的核安全監管機構，負責核設施核安全、輻射安全及輻射環境保護工作的統一監督管理；負責核動力廠、研究堆與臨界裝置、核燃料循環設施、放射性廢物、放射源與射線裝置、核材料、民用核安全設備、鈾（釷）礦和伴生礦、放射性物品運輸安全的監督管理；負責反應堆操縱人員、核設備特種工藝人員等人員資質管理；負責核與輻射安全相關國際公約的履約。
按照國務院的分工，其他政府部門在各自職責范圍內負責與核相關的管理工作。
