最嚴(yán)格的考核評(píng)估
為確保脫貧成效經(jīng)得起實(shí)踐、人民、歷史檢驗(yàn)，中共中央明確要求實(shí)行最嚴(yán)格的考核評(píng)估制度。近年來，以國(guó)務(wù)院扶貧辦為核心的主要扶貧單位相繼實(shí)行了嚴(yán)格的考核制度，確保貧困人口享受到扶貧政策。尤其是在脫貧攻堅(jiān)考核評(píng)估方面，開展了包括國(guó)家有關(guān)部門的考核、省際之間的交叉考核、委托科研機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行的第三方評(píng)估考核等。
中共中央辦公廳、國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳2016年2月印發(fā)了《省級(jí)黨委和政府扶貧開發(fā)工作成效考核辦法》，提出將考核結(jié)果作為對(duì)省級(jí)黨委、政府主要負(fù)責(zé)人和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子綜合考核評(píng)價(jià)的重要依據(jù)。
《辦法》旨在確保到2020年現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下農(nóng)村貧困人口實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區(qū)域性整體貧困，適用于中西部22個(gè)省（自治區(qū)、直轄市）黨委和政府扶貧開發(fā)工作成效的考核。《辦法》明確，考核工作從2016年到2020年，每年開展一次，由國(guó)務(wù)院扶貧開發(fā)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組組織進(jìn)行，具體工作由國(guó)務(wù)院扶貧辦、中央組織部牽頭，會(huì)同國(guó)務(wù)院扶貧開發(fā)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組成員單位組織實(shí)施。
根據(jù)《辦法》，考核內(nèi)容包括：（1）減貧成效。考核貧困人口數(shù)量減少、貧困縣退出、貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村居民收入增長(zhǎng)情況。（2）精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別?？己素毨丝谧R(shí)別、退出精準(zhǔn)度。（3）精準(zhǔn)幫扶。考核對(duì)駐村工作隊(duì)和幫扶責(zé)任人幫扶工作的滿意度。（4）扶貧資金。依據(jù)財(cái)政專項(xiàng)扶貧資金績(jī)效考評(píng)辦法，重點(diǎn)考核各?。ㄗ灾螀^(qū)、直轄市）扶貧資金安排、使用、監(jiān)管和成效等。
考核中發(fā)現(xiàn)下列問題的，由國(guó)務(wù)院扶貧開發(fā)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組提出處理意見：未完成年度減貧計(jì)劃任務(wù)的；違反扶貧資金管理使用規(guī)定的；違反貧困縣約束規(guī)定，發(fā)生禁止作為事項(xiàng)的；違反貧困退出規(guī)定，弄虛作假、搞"數(shù)字脫貧"的；貧困人口識(shí)別和退出準(zhǔn)確率、幫扶工作群眾滿意度較低的；存在紀(jì)檢、監(jiān)察、審計(jì)和社會(huì)監(jiān)督發(fā)現(xiàn)違紀(jì)違規(guī)問題的。
《辦法》明確，考核結(jié)果由國(guó)務(wù)院予以通報(bào)。對(duì)完成年度減貧計(jì)劃成效顯著的省份，給予一定獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。對(duì)出現(xiàn)前述問題的，對(duì)省級(jí)黨委、政府主要負(fù)責(zé)人進(jìn)行約談，提出限期整改要求；對(duì)情節(jié)嚴(yán)重、造成不良影響的，追究相應(yīng)責(zé)任。
Strictest Review and Evaluation of Poverty Elimination
China has introduced the strictest system for review and evaluation to ensure that poverty elimination policies reach the poor and the results stand the tests of practice, the people and history. Reviews conducted by government departments, cross-reviews between provinces, and third party evaluations by scientific research institutions have been carried out.
In February 2016 the central authorities issued the Methods for Evaluating the Performances of Provincial Party Committees and Governments in Poverty Alleviation and Development, making the evaluation results a major criterion for overall assessment of provincial-level leaderships.
The document applies to the 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipality in central and western China to ensure that the three goals for 2020 are fulfilled: helping all rural population living under current poverty line escape poverty, eliminating poverty in all poor countries, and eliminating overall regional poverty. The State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development is in charge of organizing annual evaluations from 2016 to 2020, which are conducted by its member units headed by the Leading Group's office and the Department of Organization under the CPC Central Committee.
According to the document, the evaluation covers the following areas:
(1) Results of poverty reduction, reflected by a decrease in poor population, poverty elimination in poor counties, and increased incomes for rural residents in poor areas;
(2) Precise identification of the poor population and assessment of their escape from poverty;
(3) Precise assistance, reflected by the satisfaction of the resident work teams and staff designated for the assistance; and
(4) Assistance funds, reflected by the arrangement, usage, supervision and impact of the funds in provinces, autonomous regions and municipality.
The Leading Group will deal with the following problems:
Failure to complete yearly poverty reduction tasks;
Violations of relevant rules on the usage and management of relief funds;
Violations of relevant prohibitions concerning poor counties;
Fake poverty reduction or reduction apparent only in figures;
Low accuracy in poverty identification and elimination;
Low satisfaction of the people assisted; and
Violations of other discipline and rules discovered by the disciplinary inspection, supervision and auditing authorities and by the public.
The results of the evaluation will be made public by the State Council. Provinces, autonomous regions and municipality will be rewarded for notably fulfilling the yearly poverty reduction plans. If the above-listed problems are found, the chief officials will be summoned and given a deadline to rectify the situation; and if there are serious problems and adverse consequences, the chief officials will be held accountable.
