社會扶貧
社會扶貧是指多元行動主體針對貧困人口和社會弱勢群體所提供的各種救助、開發(fā)以及社會服務活動。自20世紀90年代中期開始，社會扶貧一直是中國扶貧的重要組成部分。中國的社會扶貧是具有中國特色的廣義的社會扶貧概念，大體可劃分為三種主要類型：第一種是政府組織和協(xié)調(diào)的帶有再分配性質(zhì)的社會扶貧，包括各級機關(guān)事業(yè)單位開展的定點扶貧、東西協(xié)作扶貧以及軍隊和武警部隊扶貧；第二種是企業(yè)基于社會責任，開展與貧困地區(qū)互利的企業(yè)扶貧；第三種是以非營利性的社會組織和個人為主進行的純粹的扶貧活動。這三種方式構(gòu)成的社會扶貧，為中國減貧事業(yè)作出了重要的貢獻。
社會扶貧作為一種具有中國特色的扶貧模式，有著自身獨特的理論、實踐及政策背景，與專項扶貧、行業(yè)扶貧共同構(gòu)成中國扶貧開發(fā)的大扶貧格局。
Social Assistance in Poverty Alleviation
Social assistance refers to all kinds of aid, development help and social services provided by multiple actors to poor population and disadvantaged groups. Social assistance has since the mid-1990s been an important part of China's poverty alleviation campaign.
Social assistance can be generally divided into three types:
(1) Redistribution under government organization and coordination, including designated tasks undertaken by Party and government departments at all levels, cooperation between the east and the west, and missions performed by the military and armed police force;
(2) Corporate involvement to fulfill their social responsibility for helping poor areas; and
(3) Pure assistance offered by non-profit social organizations and individuals.
These three types of social assistance each make a great contribution to China's poverty reduction efforts. Together with special programs and corporate support, they form great synergy in the all-encompassing campaign against poverty.
