公益崗位扶貧
公益性崗位扶貧，是指在貧困地區(qū)特別是貧困村莊，設(shè)置一批公益性崗位，運用政府購買服務(wù)的理念和方式，給予現(xiàn)金或?qū)嵨镅a貼，實現(xiàn)貧困人口的就業(yè)和增收，同時增加村莊和當(dāng)?shù)氐墓卜?wù)供給。公益崗位扶貧的獨特性表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：
一是強制性。貧困勞動力必須保質(zhì)保量完成規(guī)定任務(wù)才能獲得相應(yīng)收入，這避免了不勞而獲，有效解決了貧困治理中的福利依賴和負(fù)向刺激問題。
二是兼職性。貧困勞動力按照崗位要求可以不定期地、自主靈活地完成工作量，這與他們的閑暇時間相適應(yīng)。
三是非技術(shù)性。公益性崗位對勞動力的要求相對寬松，這與貧困勞動力的受教育水平相適應(yīng)。
四是公益性。公益性崗位的職責(zé)必須是保障公共利益的服務(wù)內(nèi)容，這與鄉(xiāng)村治理的公共性訴求不謀而合。
Welfare Jobs for Poverty Alleviation
Jobs that are welfare in nature are created especially for the impoverished people in poor villages and poor regions, so that they can support themselves while improving local public services as the government will buy their services with cash or benefits in kind.
Welfare jobs have the following features:
(1) Compulsory: The workers must fulfill their tasks in both quality and quantity before receiving payment. This solves the problem of "reaping without sowing" and avoids welfare dependency and negative stimulus in managing poverty;
(2) Part-time: The workers can manage their work for certain posts flexibly during their spare time;
(3) Non-technical: The welfare jobs generally require few technical skills and match the workers' educational level; and
(4) Welfare nature: The jobs are part of public services and help improve village management.
