問題導(dǎo)向
增強(qiáng)問題意識，強(qiáng)化問題導(dǎo)向，進(jìn)而形成解決問題的新體制新機(jī)制，是中共十八大以來以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央治國理政的重要思想方法和工作方法。
在扶貧工作中，問題導(dǎo)向主要體現(xiàn)為“堅持從嚴(yán)要求，促進(jìn)真抓實干”，即及時解決脫貧攻堅中影響脫貧攻堅進(jìn)程的各類態(tài)度、做法、方法問題。對此，習(xí)近平指出，要堅持問題導(dǎo)向，集中力量解決脫貧領(lǐng)域“四個意識”不強(qiáng)、責(zé)任落實不到位、工作措施不精準(zhǔn)、資金管理使用不規(guī)范、工作作風(fēng)不扎實、考核評估不嚴(yán)格等突出問題。要認(rèn)真總結(jié)，完善考核工作機(jī)制，堅持問題導(dǎo)向，敢于較真碰硬，使考核工作更加科學(xué)有效、符合實際，進(jìn)而有力督促引導(dǎo)各地區(qū)做到精準(zhǔn)扶貧、精準(zhǔn)脫貧，不斷提高脫貧攻堅工作成效。
2018年5月31日，中共中央政治局召開會議審議《關(guān)于打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)三年行動的指導(dǎo)意見》，明確提出突出問題導(dǎo)向，優(yōu)化政策供給，下足繡花功夫，著力激發(fā)貧困人口內(nèi)生動力，夯實貧困人口穩(wěn)定脫貧基礎(chǔ)等具體要求。這意味著各地在扶貧工作中，需要認(rèn)真反思以往“資金+蓋房”的單一做法，集中力量改善深度貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展條件，著力解決深度貧困地區(qū)群眾特殊困難，樹立脫貧光榮導(dǎo)向，弘揚自尊、自愛、自強(qiáng)精神，提高貧困群眾的自我發(fā)展能力。
在脫貧攻堅中堅持問題導(dǎo)向，既是實現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)扶貧精準(zhǔn)脫貧的現(xiàn)實需要，也是將從嚴(yán)治黨要求貫穿于脫貧攻堅全過程的重要保障。即，只有實施最嚴(yán)格的考核評估才能保證脫貧過程扎實、脫貧結(jié)果真實，只有優(yōu)良的工作作風(fēng)才能保障脫貧攻堅有力有序不斷推進(jìn)。總之，唯有堅持問題導(dǎo)向，方能確保打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)，確保到2020年貧困地區(qū)和貧困人口同全國一道進(jìn)入全面小康社會。
Problem-Oriented Approaches
Having a strong awareness of problems, taking problem-oriented approaches, then forming new mechanisms for solving the problems - this has been a major tactic in governance by the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core since 2012.
In poverty alleviation, taking problem-oriented approaches means setting strict requirements, doing solid work, and finding timely solutions to problems related to attitudes, conduct and methods. Xi insists on tackling such problems as weakness in the "Four Consciousnesses," failure in taking on responsibility, not being down-to-earth in daily work, imposing irrelevant measures, irregularities in fund management and usage, and lax review and evaluation. The evaluation mechanism is being improved, with thorough methods and determined action to crack hard nuts, in order to ensure that evaluation is effective and pragmatic and can truly guide targeted poverty alleviation.
On May 31, 2018, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee met to deliberate a Three-year Guideline on Winning the Battle Against Poverty. The document proposed taking problem-oriented approaches, improving relevant policies, doing meticulous work, fostering the internal initiative of the poor, and laying sound foundations for them to escape poverty. With these requirements, officials need to reflect upon their previous practice of "simply providing money and building housing." They should instead concentrate the resources to boost the development of deeply impoverished areas, help the severely impoverished solve their special problems, foster their pride in getting rid of poverty, and enhance their capacity for self-development.
Problem-oriented approaches are needed in practical work. Strict review and evaluation can prompt effective work and true delivery, and proper conduct on the part of officials can result in constant and orderly progress in poverty elimination. This will ensure victory in the battle against poverty, with all poor regions and disadvantaged people entering a moderately prosperous society by 2020 together with the rest of the country.
