BRICS New Development Bank
The New Development Bank (NDB) is an international financial institution established as a joint initiative among BRICS countries. It is a move to reduce reliance on the US dollar and the euro, and facilitate account settlement and loan transaction, cash flow and free trade among BRICS countries.
The NDB was founded during the Sixth BRICS Summit in Fortaleza, Brazil, in July 2014. Its headquarters were to be located in Shanghai, China, its first chair of the Board of Governors to be from Russia, first chair of the Board of Directors from Brazil, and first President from India. The bank would have an initial authorized capital of US$100 billion, and an initial subscribed capital of US$50 billion to be equally shared among founding members.
The bank formally opened on July 21, 2015. By the end of May 2018, it had approved 21 projects, with US$5.1 billion of combined loans. Its Africa Regional Center was opened in South Africa in 2017 to finance the bank's local investment projects.
As a new model for South-South cooperation, the NDB supplements the existing international financial system. It serves as proof of the emerging economies' ability to utilize their own financial resources to spur sustainable growth, make up for the functional deficiency of the existing global financial institutions, and participate in the shaping of a new international economic order.
金磚國家新開發銀行
金磚國家新開發銀行是由金磚國家共同倡議建立的國際性金融機構。建立的目的是方便金磚國家間的相互結算和貸款業務，從而減少對美元和歐元的依賴，有效保障成員國間的資金流通和貿易往來。
2014年7月，在巴西福塔萊薩舉行的第六屆金磚國家領導人峰會上，金磚國家新開發銀行正式宣告成立。金磚國家新開發銀行總部設在中國上海，首任理事長、董事長及行長分別來自俄羅斯、巴西和印度。該行初始授權資本為1000億美元，初始認購資本為500億美元，由5個創始成員國均攤。該銀行于2015年7月21日正式開業， 截止到2018年5月底，已批準21個項目，貸款總額超過51億美元。2017年，新開發銀行在南非開設了非洲區域中心，將幫助銀行更好地準備在非洲的投資項目。作為南南合作的新范式，金磚國家新開發銀行的成立是對現有國際金融體系的有益補充，也表明了金磚國家利用自身的全球金融資源推動經濟可持續發展，彌補現有國際金融機構功能缺失，以積極的姿態參與重塑國際經濟新秩序。
