Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
The idea of creating a new multilateral bank, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), was first evoked by Xi Jinping in October 2013. After more than 800 days of combined preparatory efforts by 57 countries, the AIIB was formally established, in accordance with China's proposal, on December 25, 2015 in Beijing. The bank held its opening ceremony on January 16, 2016.
The AIIB is a regional inter-governmental development institution focused on supporting infrastructure development. It is the first multinational financial institution to be sponsored by China. By the end of June 2017 it had a total of 80 members – second only to the membership of the World Bank – including UN Security Council permanent members and most G20 members.
As a multilateral development bank, the AIIB operates according to its own standards. All countries along the Belt and Road can obtain loans, provided that their projects (a) are financially viable, (b) are environmentally friendly, and (c) have the support of local communities.
Among other sectors, the bank is initially investing in energy and electricity, transport, telecommunications, rural and agricultural infrastructure, water supply and sewerage, environmental protection, urban development, and logistics. As of June 2017, 16 projects in nine countries have been approved to a total value of $2.57 billion.
亞洲基礎設施投資銀行
2013 年 10 月，習近平提出了籌建亞洲基礎設施投資銀行（簡稱亞投行）的倡議。在歷經800 余天籌備后，由中國倡議成立、57 國共同籌建的亞投行于 2015 年 12 月 25 日在北京宣告成立。2016 年 1 月 16 日，亞投行舉行了開業儀式。亞投行是一個政府間性質的區域多邊開發機構，重點支持基礎設施建設，這是首個由中國倡議設立的多邊金融機構。截止到 2017 年 6月底，共有 80 個成員，總成員數僅次于世界銀行，涵蓋了聯合國安理會常任理事國和二十國集團中的絕大多數成員國。亞投行作為多邊開發銀行有其單獨的業務標準，“一帶一路”沿線國家都可以獲得亞投行的貸款，但必須滿足三個條件：一是金融可持續發展，二是項目要環保，三是項目要受到該地區民眾的歡迎。亞投行初期投資重點領域包括能源與電力、交通和電信、農村和農業基礎設施、供水與污水處理、環境保護、城市發展以及物流等。截止到2017年6月，亞投行共批準了16個項目，總金額為25.7億美元，涉及到9個國家。
