Reform of the national supervision system
Reform of the national supervision system is an important, cross-cutting political institutional reform measure. Pilot reform projects were rolled out in November 2016 in Beijing, Shanxi, and Zhejiang to explore the feasibility of establishing supervisory commissions at the provincial and local levels.
The 19th CPC National Congress announced that China will deepen reform of the national supervision system, extend trial projects throughout the country, and establish supervisory commissions at the national, provincial, prefectural, and county levels, which work together with the Party's disciplinary inspection commissions as one office while keeping their own identity. This will ensure that supervision covers everyone working in the public sector who exercises public power. A national supervision law will be formulated. Supervisory commissions will be given responsibilities, powers, and means of investigation in accordance with law. The practice of shuanggui (A form of intraparty disciplinary action that requires a Party member under investigation to cooperate with questioning at a designated place and a designated time.) will be replaced by detention.
A draft decision on expanding pilot projects on reform of supervision system throughout the country was adopted in October 2017 by the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress at its 30th session. By February 2018 supervisory commissions had been established at the provincial, prefectural and county levels across the country. On March 20, the First Session of the 13th NPC adopted the Supervision Law, and three days later, on March 23, the National Supervisory Commission began operation.
國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革
國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革是中國(guó)正在進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)事關(guān)全局的重大政治體制改革舉措。2016年11月，中國(guó)在北京市、山西省、浙江省開(kāi)展國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革試點(diǎn)，探索在上述3省市設(shè)立各級(jí)監(jiān)察委員會(huì)。黨的十九大報(bào)告提出，深化國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革，將試點(diǎn)工作在全國(guó)推開(kāi)，組建國(guó)家、省、市、縣監(jiān)察委員會(huì)，同黨的紀(jì)律檢查機(jī)關(guān)合署辦公，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)所有行使公權(quán)力的公職人員監(jiān)察全覆蓋。制定國(guó)家監(jiān)察法，依法賦予監(jiān)察委員會(huì)職責(zé)權(quán)限和調(diào)查手段，用留置取代“兩規(guī)”措施。2017年10月，十二屆全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)第三十次會(huì)議審議通過(guò)全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)關(guān)于在全國(guó)各地推開(kāi)國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革試點(diǎn)工作的決定草案。2018年2月，全國(guó)省市縣三級(jí)監(jiān)察委員會(huì)全部組建完成；3月20日，第十三屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議表決通過(guò)了《中華人民共和國(guó)監(jiān)察法》；3月23日，國(guó)家監(jiān)察委員會(huì)正式掛牌。回看國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革過(guò)程，黨中央部署改革試點(diǎn)任務(wù)，全國(guó)人大緊緊跟上，通過(guò)三地改革試點(diǎn)方案和在全國(guó)推開(kāi)改革試點(diǎn)工作的決定草案，做到了立法和改革決策緊密銜接，使重大改革于法有據(jù)、立法主動(dòng)適應(yīng)改革需要。
