Risk management, poverty reduction and pollution control
In his report to the 19th CPC National Congress in October 2017, Xi Jinping emphasized the need to guard against and defuse major risks, to implement targeted anti-poverty measures, and to control and fight pollution. These tasks are essential for ensuring that what has propelled us to success in building a moderately prosperous society will continue to inspire our people and stand the test of time. They were given priority at the Central Economic Work Conference in December 2017, which reaffirmed that these tasks must be implemented with urgency in the coming three years, and tangible progress must be made in 2018.
Among risk management measures, the most important is to control financial and other major risks, fight illegal financial activities, and strengthen regulation, especially in vulnerable areas. To win the anti-poverty battle, it is crucial to target specific groups and pockets of extreme poverty and mobilize those trapped in poverty to contribute to the fight. Performance appraisal and oversight are also important. To control pollution, we must impose stringent emission control measures. To this end, it is necessary to adjust the economic structure, phase out outdated production capacity, change energy consumption patterns, strengthen energy conservation measures, step up performance evaluation, and adapt transport methods and infrastructure.
Of these three tasks, risk control is of the utmost importance. In order to achieve quality in upgrading our development, risk control must be accompanied by effective measures to fight poverty and pollution, the two daunting barriers to our march toward greater prosperity.
三大攻堅戰
2017年10月，習近平在十九大報告中首次提出，要堅決打好防范化解重大風險、精準脫貧、污染防治的攻堅戰，使全面建成小康社會得到人民認可、經得起歷史檢驗。2017年12月，中央經濟工作會議強調，打好防范化解重大風險、精準脫貧、污染防治三大攻堅戰，是今后3年必須完成的重點任務，2018年必須在打好三大攻堅戰方面取得扎實進展。
打好防范化解重大風險攻堅戰，重點是防控金融風險，做好重點領域風險防范和處置，堅決打擊違法違規金融活動，加強薄弱環節監管制度建設；打好精準脫貧攻堅戰，關鍵是瞄準特定貧困群眾精準幫扶，向深度貧困地區聚焦發力，激發貧困人口內生動力，加強考核監督；打好污染防治攻堅戰，重點是打贏藍天保衛戰，調整產業結構，淘汰落后產能，調整能源結構，加大節能力度和考核，調整運輸結構。
三大攻堅戰中，防范化解重大風險是首位。實現高質量發展，打好三大攻堅戰，還須盡快補齊精準脫貧和污染防治這兩塊全面建成小康社會的突出短板。
