Targeted approach toalleviating poverty
At the closure of the Central Economic Work Meeting on December 11, 2014, the central leadership floated the idea of a targeted approach toalleviating poverty. On June 18, 2015, during his visit to Guizhou Province, Xi Jinping once more raised the subject, which he believes will determine the success of the poverty alleviation drive. It has subsequently become a hot topic among the general public. In its Proposal for Formulating the 13th Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, released in November 2015, the 18th CPC Central Committee specified targeted measures to be taken in the coming five years.
Targeted efforts are designed to ensure that average income statistics would not eclipse the true living conditions of many in hardship. Such efforts require attention to detail. Greater emphasis will be laid upon identifying low-income groups in need of assistance, so that they will receive due attention and their basic standard of living will be guaranteed.
The central leadership proposed such a targeted approach at a time when China faces a daunting challenge in its efforts to eliminate the final pockets of poverty across the country. To ensure that poverty reductionefforts are fully effective, Xi Jinping called for policies and programs of assistance to be tailored for the needs of individual families in conjunction with targeted funding and village-specific expert support, and to be pursued with a results-oriented focus.
精準扶貧、精準脫貧
2014年12月11日閉幕的中國中央經濟工作會議，首次在中央工作層面明確提出了精準脫貧的概念；2015年6月18日，習近平在貴州調研時強調，扶貧開發"貴在精準，重在精準，成敗之舉在于精準"，"精準扶貧"隨后成為社會各界熱議的關鍵詞。2015年11月3日發布的"十三五規劃建議"中，進一步作出"實施精準扶貧、精準脫貧"的工作部署。精準脫貧，就是要防止用經濟收入的平均數掩蓋大多數，而是要更加注重保障基本民生，更加關注低收入群眾生活。精準扶貧，則是要做到對貧困人口進行精確識別、精確幫扶，對扶貧工作做到精確管理。中央明確提出精準扶貧、精準脫貧，是因為中國的扶貧開發工作已進入"啃硬骨頭、攻堅拔寨"的沖刺期。為了真正實現"精準"目標，習近平提出了"扶貧對象精準、措施到戶精準、項目安排精準、資金使用精準、因村派人精準、脫貧成效精準"的具體要求。