《民族區域自治制度在西藏的成功實踐》白皮書
White Paper: Successful Practice of Regional Ethnic Autonomy in Tibet

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國務院新聞辦公室6日發表了《民族區域自治制度在西藏的成功實踐》白皮書。全文如下：	The Information Office of the State Council, or China's Cabinet, on Sunday issued a white paper on Successful Practice of Regional Ethnic Autonomy in Tibet. Following is the full text:
民族區域自治制度在西藏的成功實踐中華人民共和國國務院新聞辦公室 2015年9月	Successful Practice of Regional Ethnic Autonomy in Tibet The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China September 2015, Beijing
目錄	Contents
前言	Preface
一、舊西藏的黑暗與落后	I. Old Tibet: Dark and Backward
二、走上發展進步道路	II. Embarking on the Road to Development and Progress
三、符合國情的政治制度	III. The Political System Suited to China's Actual Conditions
四、保障人民當家作主	IV. The People as Masters of the Country
五、大力增進人民福祉	V. Improving People's Welfare
六、保護和弘揚優秀傳統文化	VI. Protecting and Carrying Forward the Excellent Traditional Culture
七、尊重和保護宗教信仰自由	VII. Respecting and Protecting Freedom of Religious Belief
八、推進生態文明建設	VIII. Promoting Ecological Progress
結束語	Conclusion
前言	Preface
民族區域自治，是中國特色社會主義的一項基本政治制度，是中國解決民族問題的基本政策。	Regional ethnic autonomy is a fundamental political system under socialism with Chinese characteristics - a basic policy through which to solve problems relating to ethnic minorities.
中國的民族區域自治，是指在國家的統一領導下，各少數民族聚居地方實行區域自治，設立自治機關，行使自治權。中國民族自治地方的設立是根據當地民族關系、經濟發展等條件，并參酌歷史情況而確定的。目前，中國的民族自治地方依據少數民族聚居區人口的多少、面積的大小分為自治區、自治州、自治縣三級，行政地位分別相當于省、設區的市和縣。	Regional ethnic autonomy in China means, under the unified leadership of the central government, that regional autonomy is exercised and organs of self-government are established for the exercise of the right of autonomy in areas where various ethnic minorities live in compact communities. The establishment of ethnic autonomous areas is determined by local ethnic relations, economic development and other conditions, with reference to historical background. China's ethnic autonomous areas are divided, according to the population and size of the compact communities in which ethnic minorities live, into autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, and autonomous counties at three levels equivalent to provinces, cities divided into districts, and counties in the administrative division.
在中國，西藏是一個藏族占多數的民族聚居區，目前總人口317.55萬，其中藏族占92%以上；除藏族外，西藏還有漢族、蒙古族、回族、納西族、怒族、獨龍族、門巴族、珞巴族以及僜人、夏爾巴人等40多個民族成分。根據中國憲法，國家在西藏實行民族區域自治制度，建立西藏自治區，并設有門巴、珞巴、納西等民族鄉，依法保障西藏各族人民平等參與管理國家和地方事務的政治權利。	Tibet is an ethnic region mostly inhabited by Tibetans, who account for more than 92 percent of its present 3,175,500 population, which also includes 40 other ethnic groups, including the Han, Mongolian, Hui, Naxi, Nu, Drung, Monba, Lhoba, Deng and Sherpa people. According to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (PRC), regional ethnic autonomy has been exercised in Tibet, and Tibet Autonomous Region, under which are the Monba, Lhoba and Naxi ethnic townships, has been founded, protecting by law the political rights of various ethnic groups in Tibet to participate as equals in administering state and local affairs.
自1959年實行民主改革和1965年實行民族區域自治制度以來，西藏不僅建立起全新的社會主義制度，而且實現了經濟社會發展的歷史性跨越。西藏成功地走上了與全國各族人民共同團結奮斗、共同平等發展、共同繁榮進步的光明大道。藏民族作為中華民族大家庭的一員，實現了平等參與管理國家事務的權利，成為管理西藏地方社會事務、主宰自己命運的主人，成為西藏社會物質財富、精神財富的創造者和享有者。	Since the democratic reform was carried out in 1959 and regional ethnic autonomy came into practice in 1965, Tibet has established the new socialist system and achieved historic leaps and bounds in its economic and social development. Tibet has taken a road that unites it with all China's ethnic groups and struggles to develop equally, achieve prosperity, and make progress with them. As part of the Chinese nation, the Tibetan people fulfill the right to participate equally in the management of state affairs; they are thus managers of local social affairs and masters of their own destiny, creating and sharing the material and spiritual wealth of Tibet.
雖然西藏自治區從成立至今只有50年，但帶來了翻天覆地的巨大變化。今日的西藏，是其歷史上最為輝煌的時期。	Although it has been only 50 years since the founding of Tibet Autonomous Region, great changes have taken place. Tibet is now in its golden age.