中國政府關于菲律賓所提南海仲裁案管轄權問題的立場文件
Chinese government's position paper on matter of jurisdiction in South China Sea arbitration initiated by Philippines
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| 一、引言 | I. Introduction |
| 1. 2013年1月22日，菲律賓共和國外交部照會中華人民共和國駐菲律賓大使館稱，菲律賓依據1982年《聯合國海洋法公約》（以下簡稱《公約》）第二百八十七條和附件七的規定，就中菲有關南海“海洋管轄權”的爭端遞交仲裁通知，提起強制仲裁。2013年2月19日，中國政府退回菲律賓政府的照會及所附仲裁通知。中國政府多次鄭重聲明，中國不接受、不參與菲律賓提起的仲裁。 | 1. On 22 January 2013, the Department of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of the Philippines presented a note verbale to the Embassy of the People' s Republic of China in the Philippines, stating that the Philippines submitted a Notification and Statement of Claim in order to initiate compulsory arbitration proceedings under Article 287 and Annex VII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ( "Convention" ) with respect to the dispute with China over "maritime jurisdiction" in the South China Sea. On 19 February 2013, the Chinese Government rejected and returned the Philippines' note verbale together with the attached Notification and Statement of Claim. The Chinese Government has subsequently reiterated that it will neither accept nor participate in the arbitration thus initiated by the Philippines. |
| 2. 本立場文件旨在闡明仲裁庭對于菲律賓提起的仲裁沒有管轄權，不就菲律賓提請仲裁事項所涉及的實體問題發表意見。本立場文件不意味著中國在任何方面認可菲律賓的觀點和主張，無論菲律賓有關觀點或主張是否在本立場文件中提及。本立場文件也不意味著中國接受或參與菲律賓提起的仲裁。 | 2. This Position Paper is intended to demonstrate that the arbitral tribunal established at the request of the Philippines for the present arbitration ( "Arbitral Tribunal" ) does not have jurisdiction over this case. It does not express any position on the substantive issues related to the subject-matter of the arbitration initiated by the Philippines. No acceptance by China is signified in this Position Paper of the views or claims advanced by the Philippines, whether or not they are referred to herein. Nor shall this Position Paper be regarded as China' s acceptance of or participation in this arbitration. |
| 3. 本立場文件將說明：菲律賓提請仲裁事項的實質是南海部分島礁的領土主權問題，超出《公約》的調整范圍，不涉及《公約》的解釋或適用；以談判方式解決有關爭端是中菲兩國通過雙邊文件和《南海各方行為宣言》所達成的協議，菲律賓單方面將中菲有關爭端提交強制仲裁違反國際法；即使菲律賓提出的仲裁事項涉及有關《公約》解釋或適用的問題，也構成中菲兩國海域劃界不可分割的組成部分，而中國已根據《公約》的規定于2006年作出聲明，將涉及海域劃界等事項的爭端排除適用仲裁等強制爭端解決程序。因此，仲裁庭對菲律賓提起的仲裁明顯沒有管轄權。基于上述，并鑒于各國有權自主選擇爭端解決方式，中國不接受、不參與菲律賓提起的仲裁有充分的國際法依據。 |
3. This Position Paper will elaborate on the following positions: The essence of the subject-matter of the arbitration is the territorial sovereignty over several maritime features in the South China Sea, which is beyond the scope of the Convention and does not concern the interpretation or application of the Convention; China and the Philippines have agreed, through bilateral instruments and the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea, to settle their relevant disputes through negotiations. By unilaterally initiating the present arbitration, the Philippines has breached its obligation under international law; Even assuming, arguendo, that the subject-matter of the arbitration were concerned with the interpretation or application of the Convention, that subject-matter would constitute an integral part of maritime delimitation between the two countries, thus falling within the scope of the declaration filed by China in 2006 in accordance with the Convention, which excludes, inter alia, disputes concerning maritime delimitation from compulsory arbitration and other compulsory dispute settlement procedures; Consequently, the Arbitral Tribunal manifestly has no jurisdiction over the present arbitration. Based on the foregoing positions and by virtue of the freedom of every State to choose the means of dispute settlement, China' s rejection of and non-participation in the present arbitration stand on solid ground in international law. |
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