《新疆生產建設兵團的歷史與發展》白皮書
White Paper: The History and Development of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
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| 二、職責與體制 | II. Responsibilities and Structure |
| 新疆生產建設兵團是新疆維吾爾自治區的重要組成部分。兵團承擔著國家賦予的屯墾戍邊職責，實行黨政軍企合一體制，是在自己所轄墾區內，依照國家和新疆維吾爾自治區的法律、法規，自行管理內部行政、司法事務，在國家實行計劃單列的特殊社會組織，受中央政府和新疆維吾爾自治區雙重領導。 | Constituting as it does an important part of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, the XPCC assumes the responsibilities entrusted to it by the state of cultivating and guarding the border areas, and operates an administrative system with unified Party, government, military, and enterprise roles. It is a special social organization that handles its own administrative and judicial affairs within the reclamation areas under its administration, in accordance with the laws and regulations of the state and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, with economic planning directly supervised by the state. It is subordinated to the dual leadership of the central government and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. |
| 屯墾戍邊是國家賦予兵團的職責。兵團的“屯墾”，以現代農業開發為基礎，同時大力發展第二、第三產業，著重保護和改善生態環境，促進新疆的社會進步與民族團結。兵團的“戍邊”，一方面守衛國家邊防，另一方面維護國家統一和新疆社會穩定，防范和打擊恐怖勢力的犯罪破壞活動。20世紀80年代后，分裂勢力、宗教極端勢力、暴力恐怖勢力等“三股勢力”及其破壞活動成為影響新疆社會穩定、危害國家統一的嚴重威脅，兵團戍邊的重點轉移到防范和打擊“三股勢力”破壞活動的任務上。 | In the course of fulfilling its responsibility to cultivate the border areas, the XPCC has focused on modern agricultural development while expanding secondary and tertiary industries, with emphatic efforts toward protecting and improving the ecological environment and promoting social progress and unity among ethnic groups in Xinjiang. In its endeavor to guard the border areas, the XPCC has strengthened national border defense while maintaining national unity and Xinjiang's social stability, and guarding against and cracking down on criminal sabotage activities by terrorist forces. Since the 1980s separatist, religious extremist and terrorist forces and their sabotage activities have become a major threat to national unity and to Xinjiang's social stability. They are hence the focus of the work of the XPCC in guarding the border areas. |
| 1990年中央政府批準兵團在國家實行計劃單列。兵團在繼續作為新疆維吾爾自治區的重要組成部分、接受自治區領導的同時，逐漸由中央政府有關部門對口管理。這種雙重領導體制的建立，是兵團行政隸屬關系上的創造性變革，有利于中央與自治區對兵團的協調領導，有利于兵團履行肩負的各項職責，理順了兵團與國家機關各部門的關系，進一步推動了兵團事業的發展。多年來，中央政府對兵團在公共服務和公共安全、教科文衛、農林水事務等領域給予政策支持和資金投入，為兵團經濟社會發展注入了強大的活力和新的生命力。 | In 1990 the central government approved the placing of XPCC economic planning under direct state supervision. The XPCC remains an important component of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is subject to its leadership while under the management of relevant departments of the central government. The adoption of such a dual leadership system signifies an innovative reform in the Corps' administrative subordination, one which facilitates the coordination of leadership over the Corps between the central government and the autonomous region government, and the Corps' fulfillment of its responsibilities, and betters the relations between the Corps and relevant departments of the central authorities, thus promoting the Corps' development. Over the years, the central government has granted policy support and funding to the XPCC in the fields of public services, public security, education, science and technology, culture, health, agriculture, forestry, and water conservancy, so injecting great energy and new vitality into the economic and social development of the XPCC. |
| 兵團實行黨政軍企高度統一的特殊管理體制。兵團各級都建有中國共產黨的組織，發揮著對兵團各項事業的領導作用。兵團設有行政機關和政法機關，自行管理內部行政、司法事務。兵團是一個“準軍事實體”，設有軍事機關和武裝機構，沿用兵團、師、團、連等軍隊建制和司令員、師長、團長、連長等軍隊職務稱謂，涵養著一支以民兵為主的武裝力量。兵團也稱為“中國新建集團公司”，是集農業、工業、交通、建筑、商業，承擔經濟建設任務的國有大型企業。兵團的黨、政、軍、企四套領導機構與四項職能合為一體。 | The XPCC operates a special administrative system with unified Party, government, military, and enterprise roles. Party organizations have been set up at each level of the Corps to exercise leadership over all its undertakings. The XPCC has administrative and judicial organs to handle its specific administrative and judicial affairs. The Corps is a paramilitary entity with military organs and armed forces units wherein the militias are the mainstay. It is organized in a military structure of corps, divisions, regiments, and companies, whose commanders have corresponding military titles. The XPCC, also known as the China Xinjian Group, is a large state-owned enterprise engaged in agriculture, industry, transport, building, and commerce, and at the same time assumes state assigned economic tasks. The XPCC's leadership combines the functions of the Party, government, military, and enterprise. |
| 兵團全面融入新疆社會，所屬師、團場及企事業單位分布于新疆維吾爾自治區各地(州)、市、縣(市)行政區內，主要由兵團自上而下地實行統一領導和垂直管理。在戰略地位重要、團場集中連片、經濟基礎好、發展潛力大的墾區，設有7個“師市合一”的新疆維吾爾自治區直轄縣級市和5個“團(場)鎮合一”的建制鎮，由兵團實行統一分級管理。“師和市”、“團(場)和鎮”黨政機構設置均實行“一個機構、兩塊牌子”。 | The XPCC has fully integrated into Xinjiang society. Its division and regimental farms, subordinate enterprises and public institutions, administered by the Corps in a top-down model of leadership and vertical management, are widely distributed in the prefectures, cities, and counties of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. In reclamation areas, which feature important strategic positions, concentrated distribution of regimental farms, considerable economic strength, and great development potential, the XPCC has set up seven county-level divisions/cities directly administered by Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and five regiments/towns, which are administered by the Corps at different levels. Each division/city or regiment/town has Party leadership and government administration functions integrated into one unit. |
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