Despite an alarming sex ratio among newborns in some parts of
the country, the overall sex ratio of the younger population in
China is "generally normal", a national report concluded.
The report, released by the China Youth and Children Research
Center and Beijing's Renmin University of China, said the sex
ratio, which refers to the proportion of males to female, for the
country's total youth population had fluctuated around a range of
99 to 105 and reflected "a slowly downward tendency" since
2000.
It indicated that the sex ratio of the population aged 14 to 29
had declined from 105.7 in 2000 to 100.2 in 2005. During those
years, the ratio for persons aged 14 to 35 had dropped from 105 to
99.2.
Liu Junyan, who was in charge of the report -- which was based
on the national census sample carried out on 1 percent of the total
population in 2005 -- said that those who were young in 2005 were
born in the 1970s and 1980s, at a time when the sex ratio for
newborns was "relatively normal".
However, the report indicated a dramatic increase in the sex
ratio for the rural youth population, in comparison with the sex
ratio for urban youth, which decreased over the five-year
period.
Liu said with tightening family planning policies since 1980,
rural areas showed a stronger preference for boys in line with the
traditional belief that boys could carry forward the family
bloodline.
"Before the family planning policy was implemented in 1979,
people would have more children to increase the chance of having
boys, which was a natural selection that did not damage a balanced
biological development by sex," he said.
After the state policy, which encouraged families to have only
one child, took effect, some Chinese still had more babies until a
boy was born. They would simply defy the law and pay fines, Li
said, adding that this situation still could not affect the sex
ratio.
Serious gender imbalances occurred after the late 1980s when the
B-ultrasound technologies used for sex-selection were widely
available in China. More Chinese chose to abort female fetuses
after mothers underwent such a test.
Statistics show the sex ratio for newborns was 119 boys to 100
girls and the figure was more alarming in provinces such as
Jiangxi, Guangdong, Anhui and Henan, where it stands as high as 130
in some areas.
Although sex-selection for non-medical purposes is banned under
the Population and Family Planning Law and the Law on Maternal and
Infant Health, there are currently no provisions for breaking the
laws.
Currently the State Council, or cabinet, is working on an
enforcement regulation to ban sex-selection abortion to fight
against the increasingly larger gender imbalance.
(Xinhua News Agecny December 26, 2007)