China in a decade: New concept spurs greater development, and a new era unleashes stronger dynamic

0 Comment(s)Print E-mail GMW.cn, October 11, 2022
Adjust font size:

III. Greater momentum in innovation-driven development, and new progresses in building an innovation-driven country

Rapid increase in investment in innovation. China's total R&D expenditure surpassed that of Japan in 2013, becoming the world's second largest country in R&D investment. 2021, R&D expenditure reached 2,795.6 billion yuan, 2.7 times that of 2012, with an average annual growth rate of 11.7%; the ratio of R&D expenditure to GDP was 2.44%, 0.53 percentage points higher than that of 2012, which is close to the average level of 2.47% among OECD countries prior to the pandemic. The strategy of developing the country through science, education and talents has been solidly advanced, and the total number of R&D personnel has steadily ranked first in the world. In 2021, the total number of R&D personnel in the country based on the equivalent full-time workload hit 5.62 million people, up 73.1% from 2012, ranking first in the world for 9 consecutive years.

Innovation output continues to expand. Major headways are made in strategic fields of science and technology. A series of major original achievements have emerged in frontier researches such as quantum information, iron-based superconductivity, stem cells and synthetic biology, and major breakthroughs have been made in strategic high-tech fields such as manned spaceflight, lunar exploration, deep-sea engineering, supercomputing and manufacturing of large aircraft. In 2021, China granted a total of 4.601 million patents, an increase of 2.7 times compared with 2012; the number of international patent applications submitted by Chinese applicants through the PCT route reached 69,500, ranking first in the world for three consecutive years. As of end 2021, the number of valid invention patents reached 3.597 million, with 7.5 high-value invention patents held per 10,000 people. According to the report of the World Intellectual Property Organization, China's ranking in the Global Innovation Index jumped from 34th in 2012 to 12th in 2021.

<  1  2  3  4  >  


Follow China.org.cn on Twitter and Facebook to join the conversation.
ChinaNews App Download
Print E-mail Bookmark and Share

Go to Forum >>0 Comment(s)

No comments.

Add your comments...

  • User Name Required
  • Your Comment
  • Enter the words you see:    
    Racist, abusive and off-topic comments may be removed by the moderator.
Send your storiesGet more from China.org.cnMobileRSSNewsletter
主站蜘蛛池模板: 粗大的内捧猛烈进出视频| 公交车老师屁股迎合我摩擦| 哦哦哦用力视频在线观看| 亚洲福利一区二区精品秒拍| 久草新在线观看| 一个人看的免费观看日本视频www| 7m精品福利视频导航| 荡女安然的yin乱生活| 热99re久久精品2久久久| 日韩一区二区三区电影在线观看| 女人扒开腿让男人捅啪啪| 国产成人免费网站| 伊人久久精品线影院| 国产日本在线观看| 免费在线黄色网| 久久精品国产大片免费观看| AAA日本高清在线播放免费观看| 黄色a视频在线观看| 污视频免费看软件| 成人片黄网站色大片免费观看app| 国产精品欧美在线不卡| 午夜电影在线看| 乱子伦xxxx| 99国产情在线视频| 老子影院午夜伦手机不四虎| 最近免费最新高清中文字幕韩国 | 欧美亚洲视频一区| 女人高潮被爽到呻吟在线观看| 国产亚洲欧美日韩精品一区二区| 亚洲国产精品久久久久久 | 99RE66在线观看精品免费| 色一情一乱一伦一区二区三区 | 亚洲精品欧美日本中文字幕| 中文乱码字幕午夜无线观看| 黄网站色年片在线观看| 欧美日韩国产高清视频| 女人把私密部位张开让男人桶| 国产∨亚洲v天堂无码久久久| 久久综合九色综合欧美就去吻| 可以免费看黄的网站| 1024手机在线播放视频|