More farmers are expected to enjoy a trial medicare system this
year, similar to the medicare now enjoyed by increasing numbers of
city dwellers.
Trial medicare measures for migrant workers and farmers will be
improved and promoted over wider areas to help cover treatment
costs for serious illnesses, the Ministry of Labour and Social
Security has promised.
The ministry will try to make the medical insurance network
available for 115.5 million city residents across the country this
year, up 6 per cent from that of last year, said Vice-Minister Wang
Dongjin.
The ministry will make medicare a priority this year for
employees of non-state enterprises, low-income state enterprise
employees and retired persons, Wang said.
Some 108.9 million urban residents across China were covered by
a basic medical insurance network by the end of last year,
according to ministry statistics.
"But the health network is incomplete and is especially fragile
in China's rural areas,'' said Wang.
Many non-state employees, migrant workers and farmers are still
out of reach of any medical insurance.
"Without any medicare system, some of my fellow farmers in our
village fell into poverty after they had serious illnesses,'' said
Huang Hanzhong, a farmer from Dafu Village in South China's Guangxi
Zhuang Autonomous Region.
To save medical costs, Huang, in his late 50s, only stayed in
hospital for one day after breaking his back late last year. He
laid in bed for two months depending on herbal medicines to
recover.
According to Chen Xiwen, a research fellow with the Development
and Research Centre of the State Council, 90 per cent of farmers
have to pay medical expenses themselves, compared to the 60 per
cent paid by urban dwellers, while farmers' incomes are about
one-third that of urban residents. As a result, many farmers are
unable to afford medical treatment.
A recent survey of the medical expenses of farmers in three
counties in Guangxi shows that medical expenses are a great burden
for villagers.
Among the 41,000 farmers in Guangxi's Pingguo County, each goes
to see a doctor twice a year, and the annual per-capita medical
expenses are only 51.4 yuan (US$6). The annual average income of
these farmers is 1,391 yuan (US$167).
The state has vowed to build a relatively affluent Chinese
society in the next two decades, and a key aspect in reaching this
goal is to raise the living standards and quality of life for
Chinese farmers, who account for 70 per cent of the population.
Official statistics show that half of those in poverty in rural
areas suffer from disease.
"From this point of view, without a solution to farmers' medical
problems, it is hardly possible to realize a relatively affluent
society in China,'' said Wang.
The central government is determined to set up an effective
welfare system to offer medicare to 900 million farmers, and the
system is scheduled to be expanded to cover all farmers by
2010.
In 1999, Anhui Province in East China introduced a new
cooperative medicare system on a trial basis in 10 counties.
The co-operatives, similar to medical insurance institutions,
require contributions both from individual farmers and the
government so that a funding pool is built up to cover farmers'
treatment costs for serious illnesses at a set ratio.
Each farmer participant is required to pay 10 yuan (US$1.20)
annually and the government contributes 20 yuan (US$2.40) to form
the funding pool. Farmers join in the co-operatives on a voluntary
basis.
(Xinhua News Agency February 20, 2004)