When drilling more than 160 meters deep into the earth, scientists
from the Lop Nor Environmental Science Drilling Project found
special deposits that, on analysis, show Lop Nor used to be a very
deep freshwater lake 1.8 - 2.5 million years ago.
The deposits found were 60-meter-long indigo silts. It is known
that indigo silt only occurs when a lake is very deep and the
waters at the bottom suffer from oxygen deficiency. The silt
produced by the No. 1 Drilling Station recently was yellow and rich
in gypsum, and the result of freshwater deposits.
Fang Xiaomin, a researcher from the Institute of Earth
Environment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in charge of the
project, said that compared with the samples found earlier, the
latest findings indicated the area used to have ample rainfall and
the lake was a very deep one that extended over vast distances,
even into the Taklamakan Desert. "The period was estimated 1.8 -
2.5 million years ago," he added.
Scientists also found some shells offering further proof that
Lop Nor used to be a freshwater lake. After careful study, they
concluded that?Lop Nor suffered a strong drying incident
800,000 years ago, but it didn't dry up completely. However, the
drying resumed and continued over a prolonged period of time so
that Lop Nor completely dried up and became a desert in 1972.
According to these studies and the stratigraphic succession
distribution or time-layer studies of the lake deposits, scientists
have made preliminary analysis that the drying up process has
occurred gradually at different periods of time.
(China.org.cn translated by Li Jingrong?October 14,
2003)
