????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? 1958? ?????? ??? ????? ?????. ?? ????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?? 20 ?????? ??? ?????. ??? ??????? ??????? ??? 1962? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????¨ہ ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????. ?? ????? 1997? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? <>. ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????.

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????? ??????: ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? (1963? 1965)? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? (1982)? ???? ???? ???? ?????¨ہ ???? ???????? ??? ?? (1963? 1964)? ??? ???? ?????¨ہ ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (1987)? ??? ???? ?????¨ہ ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??? (1990)? ???? ???? ???? ?????¨ہ ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??? (1998)? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? (1997).

????? ????????: ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????(1974)? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? (1982)? ?????? ????? (1996)? ???? ???????? ??????? (1991)? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????(1964)? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? (1971)? ???? ???????? ????? (1994).

??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? 2000 : ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????¨ہ ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? 13 ?????? 2000? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????. ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????. ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ????????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????¨ہ ????????? ??????? ????????. ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????. ???? ??????? ??? " ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????".