??? ????? ??? 2001 ? ??? ?? ????? 2689 ????? ???¨ہ ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? 22 ????? ???? ?? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????. ????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? 1100 ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????. ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? (??? ???? ???? ?? 8000 ????? ?????? ?????) ??????? (????? ????????) ??????? ?????? ??????? (????? ????????) ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????.

??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????. ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? 3 ????? ??? ????? ?19 ?????. ????? 3500 ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?6?1 ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? 1000 ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? (????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????) ???????? ??? 12 ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????. ???? ??? 1916? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????¨ہ ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????. ???? ??? 1987? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ??????????? ???????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? (ISSN) ????? ????????? ???????. ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? 90 ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????. ??? ?????? 2001? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? 70 ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? 240 ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????. ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????¨ہ ???? ????????? TB 20 ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????.

????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????. ?????? ???? ?? 7?1 ????? ???¨ہ ????? 178 ??? ???? ?? 25 ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ??? 1485 ????.