Sci-fi writers reflect on peace at notorious Japanese germ warfare site

Chinese science fiction writers toured the Exhibition Hall of Evidences of Crime Committed by Unit 731 of the Japanese Imperial Army in Harbin, Heilongjiang province, late last month, with several sharing their shock and reflections on world peace with China.org.cn.

Chinese writers view displays at the Exhibition Hall of Evidences of Crime Committed by Unit 731 of the Japanese Imperial Army in Harbin, Heilongjiang province, May 24, 2025. [Photo courtesy of Harbin Huiwen Academy Cultural Media Group]

The visit coincided with the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.

More than 70 writers participated in the tour on May 24, many coming directly from a sci-fi-themed book fair and the 2025 Children's Science Fiction Convention held in late May.

Renowned science fiction writer Bao Shu said he recently saw Japanese right-wing revisionist claims online that Unit 731 came to China for "epidemic prevention" and "treating Chinese people." He said he was shocked by this clear distortion of history.

Bao said he gained a much deeper understanding of history after visiting the museum and witnessing firsthand evidence of these atrocities. He believes every Chinese person should visit the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders and the Unit 731 Exhibition Hall, instead of just learning about World War II in school.

"While Unit 731's death toll was smaller than Nanjing's, its horrors were equally chilling — the systematic weaponization of science against humanity," he said. "They perverted medicine into torture, treating people as lab specimens. This nightmare shows what can happen when technology is used without ethical restraints or regard for human dignity. It forces us to reflect on the essential relationship between technological progress and human values."

Harbin's Unit 731 war crimes museum preserves the original site of Japan's biological warfare operations during World War II and holds approximately 100,000 pieces of war crime evidence. Visitors can see the remaining facilities, including the old headquarters ruins, bacterial labs, special prison remains, underground animal breeding rooms, frostbite labs, boiler rooms, and gas chambers. As the largest bacterial warfare base in history, the site documents Japan's human experimentation program, which caused the deaths of at least 3,000 test subjects, and killed or harmed more than 300,000 individuals across China.

Dong Jing, assistant to the chair of the Chinese Nebula Awards organizing committee, reflected: "This history teaches us war's most terrible lesson — how it grotesquely distorts humanity, amplifying our darkest impulses to commit unforgivable crimes against civilization."

He noted that the Unit 731 site serves two vital purposes: "First, it exposes Japan's undeniable wartime atrocities during its invasion of China, serving as a warning to modern militarists to acknowledge historical truth and renounce war. Equally important, it reminds citizens of both China and Japan to cherish peace and resist being drawn into conflict by groups pursuing their own interests."

Sci-fi writer Lu Hang believes this history offers a crucial lesson for all nations. "As the saying goes, 'Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future.' We learn that national strength safeguards people — through building power to deter aggression and protect citizens. This conviction grew stronger after I visited the Harbin Institute of Technology, where I saw rockets and spacecraft modules displayed on campus. That experience revealed not just technological achievement but the nation's growing overall strength."

Zhang Mei, a renowned children's literature critic, said the atrocities committed by Japan's Unit 731 were among the most heinous crimes against humanity and an "extreme evil" that stains human civilization.

"We must go beyond surface-level condemnation and examine why Japan still lacks not only remorse, but also the fundamental virtues of reciprocity and human compassion," she said.

Writer Shi Yongming noted that only through peace can humanity progress together, and all nations — whether powerful or vulnerable — must prioritize mutual respect, compassion and seeking common ground while respecting differences.

"Yet we must remain vigilant against ideologies that threaten humanity and possess both the awareness and the ability to contain their spread," said Shi.

Writer Qin Yingliang described the visit as profoundly shocking. A native of northeastern China, Qin emphasized that Unit 731 is a source of deep, collective trauma for people in the region. She noted that Japan's infiltration and occupation of northeast China lasted nearly 50 years, including prewar activities, and that the effects are still felt today through emotional legacies and subconscious memories passed down through generations.

"The museum's essential role is to present this history through meticulously documented evidence, allowing every visitor to face historical truth directly. Our present is built on countless yesterdays; only by understanding the past can we properly move toward tomorrow," she said.

"The exit route leads through a long, sunless tunnel — that's the darkness of historical memory. Walking gradually upward toward the light at the end represents our emergence into today's brightness," Qin added. "Along the walls were carved survivors' testimonies and war criminals' confessions. As I ran my fingers over the stone inscriptions, I was suddenly reminded of that line from 'The Three-Body Problem': 'Engrave words in stone.'"