Share: 
3月5日，李強總理代表國務院在十四屆全國人大三次會議上作《政府工作報告》。[新華社記者 劉彬 攝]
Chinese Premier Li Qiang delivers a government work report at the opening meeting of the third session of the 14th National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2025. (Xinhua/Liu Bin)
各位代表： | Fellow Deputies, | |
現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協委員提出意見。 | On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and also for comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). | |
一、2024年工作回顧 | I. A Review of Our Work in 2024 | |
過去一年，我國發展歷程很不平凡。黨的二十屆三中全會勝利召開，對進一步全面深化改革、推進中國式現代化作出部署。我們隆重慶祝中華人民共和國成立75周年，極大激發了全國各族人民的愛國熱情和奮斗精神。一年來，面對外部壓力加大、內部困難增多的復雜嚴峻形勢，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民砥礪奮進、攻堅克難，經濟運行總體平穩、穩中有進，全年經濟社會發展主要目標任務順利完成，高質量發展扎實推進，新質生產力穩步發展，我國經濟實力、科技實力、綜合國力持續增強，中國式現代化邁出新的堅實步伐，更加堅定了我們在新時代新征程全面建設社會主義現代化國家的決心和信心。 | The year 2024 was a truly remarkable year in China's development journey. At its third plenary session, the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) set forth plans for further deepening reform comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization. We celebrated the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, greatly inspiring patriotism and dedication in the Chinese people of all ethnic groups. Over the past year, in the face of complex and challenging developments marked by mounting external pressures and growing domestic difficulties, we, the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, have overcome difficulties and continued to forge ahead under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. We ensured overall stable performance and steady growth of the economy and accomplished the main goals and tasks for economic and social development in 2024. Solid headway was made in pursuing high-quality development and fostering new quality productive forces. China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, and composite national strength continued to rise, and solid new strides were made in advancing Chinese modernization. These achievements have filled us with even greater confidence and resolve as we press forward on the new journey to build a modern socialist country in all respects in the new era. | |
“穩”的態勢鞏固延續。主要表現在，經濟規模穩步擴大，國內生產總值達到134.9萬億元、增長5%，增速居世界主要經濟體前列，對全球經濟增長的貢獻率保持在30%左右。就業、物價總體平穩，城鎮新增就業1256萬人、城鎮調查失業率平均為5.1%，居民消費價格上漲0.2%。國際收支基本平衡，對外貿易規模創歷史新高，國際市場份額穩中有升，外匯儲備超過3.2萬億美元。民生保障扎實穩固，居民人均可支配收入實際增長5.1%，脫貧攻堅成果持續鞏固拓展，義務教育、基本養老、基本醫療、社會救助等保障力度加大。重點領域風險化解有序有效，社會大局保持穩定。 | Stable performance was consolidated and sustained, as demonstrated in the following areas: ■ Steady expansion of the economy: China's gross domestic product (GDP) rose to 134.9 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5 percent. China ranks among the world's fastest-growing major economies, continuing to contribute about 30 percent to global economic growth. ■ Generally stable employment and prices: A total of 12.56 million urban jobs were created, and surveyed urban unemployment rates averaged 5.1 percent. The consumer price index (CPI) increased by 0.2 percent. ■ A basic equilibrium in the balance of payments: Foreign trade reached a record high, and the global market share of China's exports increased steadily. Foreign exchange reserves surpassed 3.2 trillion US dollars. ■ Steady progress in ensuring the people's wellbeing: Per capita disposable income grew by 5.1 percent in real terms. Achievements made in poverty alleviation were further consolidated and expanded, and greater support was provided for compulsory education, basic old-age insurance, basic medical insurance, and social assistance. Well-ordered and effective steps were taken to defuse risks in key areas, helping ensure overall social stability. | |
“進”的步伐堅實有力。主要表現在，產業升級有新進展，糧食產量首次躍上1.4萬億斤新臺階、畝產提升10.1斤；高技術制造業、裝備制造業增加值分別增長8.9%、7.7%，新能源汽車年產量突破1300萬輛；信息傳輸軟件和信息技術服務業、租賃和商務服務業增加值分別增長10.9%、10.4%。創新能力有新提升，集成電路、人工智能、量子科技等領域取得新成果；“嫦娥六號”實現人類首次月球背面采樣返回，“夢想”號大洋鉆探船建成入列；技術合同成交額增長11.2%。生態環境質量有新改善，地級及以上城市細顆粒物（PM2.5）平均濃度下降2.7%，優良天數比例上升至87.2%，地表水優良水質斷面比例提高到90.4%；單位國內生產總值能耗降幅超過3%；可再生能源新增裝機3.7億千瓦。改革開放有新突破，扎實有力落實黨的二十屆二中、三中全會改革部署，機構改革全面完成，構建全國統一大市場、漸進式延遲法定退休年齡等重大改革舉措陸續推出；制造業領域外資準入限制措施全部取消，共建“一帶一路”貿易投資合作不斷擴容升級。 | Strong and solid progress was achieved, as shown in the following areas: ■ New advancements in industrial upgrading: Grain output hit a new high of 700 million metric tons, with the yield per hectare rising by 75.75 kilograms. The value added of high-tech manufacturing and equipment manufacturing rose by 8.9 percent and 7.7 percent respectively, and the output of new-energy vehicles passed the 13 million mark. The value added increased by 10.9 percent in the sectors of information transmission, software, and IT services and by 10.4 percent in leasing and business services. ■ Further enhancements in innovation capacity: New achievements were made in integrated circuits, artificial intelligence (AI), quantum technology, and other areas. The Chang'e-6 mission completed humanity's first-ever sample collection from the far side of the moon, and the Mengxiang ocean drilling vessel was delivered and commissioned. The value of technology contract transactions increased by 11.2 percent. ■ New improvements in the environment: In cities at and above the prefectural level, the average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) fell by 2.7 percent, and the proportion of days with good or excellent air quality rose to 87.2 percent. The proportion of surface water with a good quality rating reached 90.4 percent. Energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by more than 3 percent, and installed renewable energy capacity grew by 370 million kilowatts. ■ New breakthroughs in reform and opening up: We implemented the reform plans adopted at the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee with solid and effective steps, which included completing the reform of government institutions across the board, adopting major reform measures for building a unified national market, and gradually raising the statutory retirement age. All market access restrictions on foreign investment in the manufacturing sector were lifted, and trade and investment cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative was steadily expanded and upgraded. | |
回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。外部環境變化帶來的不利影響持續加深，國內長期積累的一些深層次結構性矛盾集中顯現，內需不振、預期偏弱等問題交織疊加，局部地區洪澇等自然災害頻發，保持經濟社會平穩運行的難度加大。面對多重困難挑戰，我們加力實施存量政策，適時優化宏觀調控，積極有效應對。特別是堅決貫徹落實9月26日中央政治局會議果斷部署的一攬子增量政策，推動經濟明顯回升，社會信心有效提振，既促進了全年目標實現，也為今年發展奠定了良好基礎。在這個過程中，我們深化了對經濟工作的規律性認識，進一步認識到黨中央集中統一領導是做好經濟工作的根本保證，必須統籌好有效市場和有為政府、總供給和總需求、培育新動能和更新舊動能、做優增量和盤活存量、提升質量和做大總量的關系。實踐再次表明，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國上下聚力攻堅，我國發展沒有闖不過的難關。 | Our achievements in 2024 did not come easily. The adverse impact of changes in the international environment increased, and some deep-seated structural problems that had been building up in the country for years came to a head. Sluggish domestic demand was compounded by weak public expectations along with other issues, and natural disasters like floods occurred frequently in some parts of China. All this added to the difficulty of maintaining economic and social stability. However, we responded to this array of difficulties and challenges with both active and effective steps: We redoubled efforts to implement adopted policies and improved macro regulation in a timely manner. In particular, we took firm actions to implement a package of new policies that was decided on by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee at a meeting on September 26. This led to a notable rebound in the economy and effectively boosted public confidence, ensuring the fulfillment of our goals for 2024 and laying a good foundation for development in 2025. In the course of this, we deepened our understanding of the laws governing economic work and became more keenly aware that the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is essential to doing our economic work well. It is also clear that we must properly handle the relationships between an efficient market and a well-functioning government, between aggregate supply and demand, between fostering new growth drivers and upgrading old ones, between optimizing allocation of new resources and making the best use of existing ones, and between enhancing quality and expanding total output. What we have achieved once again proves that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and with the dedicated efforts of our people across the country, we can prevail over any difficulty in pursuing development. | |
一年來，我們深入學習貫徹習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想，堅定維護以習近平同志為核心的黨中央權威和集中統一領導，把黨的領導貫穿政府工作各方面全過程，全面貫徹落實黨的二十大和二十屆二中、三中全會精神，按照黨中央決策部署，主要做了以下工作。 | Last year, we continued to deepen our understanding of and apply Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, firmly upheld the authority of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and its centralized, unified leadership, followed Party leadership in every aspect and throughout the process of government work, and fully implemented the guiding principles from the 20th CPC National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Acting on the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, we mainly did the following work: | |
一是因時因勢加強和創新宏觀調控，推動經濟回升向好。去年一季度經濟開局良好，但受國內外多方面因素影響，進入二季度以后主要指標連續走低，下行壓力加大。我們加強逆周期調節，聚焦突出問題針對性施策，緊抓存量和增量政策落實，推動需求較快回升，生產增長加快，市場預期明顯改善，全年經濟運行呈現前高、中低、后揚態勢。有力實施財政貨幣政策，擴大支出規模，加強重點領域財力保障，兩次下調存款準備金率和政策利率，社會融資成本進一步降低。圍繞擴大有效需求，扎實推進“兩重”建設，加力支持“兩新”工作，設備購置投資增長15.7%，家電類商品零售額增長12.3%。推動房地產市場止跌回穩，下調住房貸款利率和首付比例，居民存量房貸利息年支出減少約1500億元，降低交易環節稅費水平，扎實推進保交房工作。積極穩定資本市場，加快完善基礎性制度，創設互換便利、回購增持再貸款等工具，市場活躍度上升。一次性增加6萬億元地方專項債務限額置換存量隱性債務。穩妥推進地方中小金融機構改革化險。 | 1. We took more robust and innovative measures in conducting macro regulation in light of evolving conditions and promoted economic recovery and growth. In 2024, China's economy got off to a good start in the first quarter. However, affected by various external and internal factors, major economic indicators began to decline from the second quarter on, adding to the downward pressure on the economy. We acted to strengthen counter-cyclical adjustments, took targeted measures to address prominent issues, and ensured the implementation of policies already adopted and new ones. As a result, we achieved a rapid recovery in demand, accelerated growth of production, and saw a notable improvement in market expectations. Over the course of the year, China's economy went from a strong start to a midyear dip before closing the year on an upward trend. We made a strong push to implement fiscal and monetary policies. We expanded government spending to ensure funding for key areas. Meanwhile, required reserve ratios and policy interest rates were both lowered on two occasions, further bringing down overall financing costs. To expand effective demand, we took solid steps to implement major national strategies and enhance security capacity in key areas. We also increased support for a new round of large-scale equipment upgrades and consumer goods trade-in programs, driving investment in equipment purchases up by 15.7 percent and retail sales of home appliances up by 12.3 percent. Efforts were made to stem the downturn and restore stability in the real estate market. We reduced interest rates for housing loans and the ratios of down payments, and achieved an annual reduction of about 150 billion yuan in interest payments for existing mortgages. Taxes and fees on housing transactions were also cut, while solid progress was made in ensuring the timely delivery of housing projects. We worked actively to maintain stable performance of the capital market. We moved faster to refine foundational systems and introduced new monetary policy tools, including a swap facility for securities, funds, and insurance companies and a lending facility for share buybacks and shareholding increases, which led to a surge in market activity. As a one-time policy step, we raised the ceiling for local government special-purpose bonds by six trillion yuan to replace existing hidden debts. We also prudently advanced reforms to defuse risks in local small and medium financial institutions. | |
二是堅定不移全面深化改革擴大開放，增強發展內生動力。清理廢除妨礙全國統一市場的規定做法，制定實施公平競爭審查條例，出臺規范地方招商引資的措施。深化國有企業改革，持續優化國有經濟布局。提請全國人大常委會審議民營經濟促進法草案，改善民營經濟發展環境。積極拓展外貿新增長點，進出口結構不斷優化，外貿出口對經濟增長貢獻增大。全面實施跨境服務貿易負面清單。開展增值電信、生物技術、獨資醫院開放試點。加大單邊開放力度，對所有同中國建交的最不發達國家產品全面給予零關稅待遇。擴大單方面免簽國家范圍，過境免簽境內停留時間延長至240小時，入境旅游持續升溫。高質量共建“一帶一路”成效顯著，一批重大工程、民生項目穩步實施。 | 2. We deepened reform and opening up comprehensively with unswerving commitment and boosted the internal momentum of development. We overhauled and abolished regulations and practices impeding the development of a unified national market, formulated and implemented regulations on fair competition review, and adopted measures to regulate steps taken by local governments to attract investment. We further reformed state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and continued to improve the layout of the state-owned sector. We submitted a draft of the private sector promotion law to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) for deliberation and improved the development environment for the private sector. We actively fostered new growth drivers for foreign trade and steadily improved the import and export mix. These efforts enabled exports to contribute more to China's economic growth. We fully applied the negative list for cross-border trade in services and launched opening-up trials for value-added telecom services, biotechnology, and wholly foreign-owned hospitals. We expanded unilateral opening up, adopting zero tariffs on all products from all the least developed countries that have diplomatic relations with China. We offered unilateral visa waivers to more countries and extended visa-free transit stays to 240 hours, thus bringing about a sustained surge in inbound tourism. Impressive strides were made in pursuing high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and steady progress was secured in a number of major projects and public wellbeing programs. | |
三是大力推動創新驅動發展，促進產業結構優化升級。推進科技強國建設，全面啟動實施國家科技重大專項，加快完善重大科技基礎設施體系，加強拔尖創新人才培養。穩定工業經濟運行，推進制造業技術改造升級，制造業投資增長9.2%。新培育一批國家級先進制造業集群，商業航天、北斗應用、新型儲能等新興產業快速發展。制定修訂環保、安全等強制性國家標準。加快數字中國建設，數字經濟核心產業增加值占國內生產總值比重達到10%左右。 | 3. We made major efforts to promote innovation-driven development and upgraded the industrial structure. To boost China's strength in science and technology, we rolled out major national science and technology programs across the board, worked faster to improve major science and technology infrastructure, and redoubled efforts to cultivate first-class innovators. We ensured stable performance in the industrial sector and advanced technological transformation and upgrading in the manufacturing sector, which saw a 9.2-percent increase in investment. We fostered a new batch of national-level advanced manufacturing clusters and achieved rapid growth in emerging industries, including commercial space, applications of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, and new types of energy storage. Mandatory national standards such as those for environmental protection and safety were formulated or revised. Thanks to swift development of the Digital China Initiative, the value added of core industries of the digital economy rose to about 10 percent of GDP. | |
四是統籌城鄉區域協調發展，優化經濟布局。出臺實施新型城鎮化戰略五年行動計劃，扎實推進城市更新，常住人口城鎮化率提高到67%。堅持不懈夯實農業基礎，防災減災和綜合生產能力穩步提高，鄉村全面振興取得新成效。出臺一批區域發展政策，實施一批區域重大項目，健全主體功能區制度政策，區域融合發展取得新進展。 | 4. We advanced coordinated development between urban and rural areas and between different regions and improved the economic layout. We rolled out a five-year action plan for implementing the new urbanization strategy and made solid progress in urban renewal, while the share of permanent urban residents in the total population climbed to 67 percent. We continued efforts to consolidate the foundations of agriculture and steadily built up the agricultural sector's capacity for disaster prevention and mitigation and overall production. New achievements were made in advancing all-around rural revitalization. We secured further headway in promoting integrated regional development by introducing a range of regional development policies, implementing a set of major regional programs, and improving functional zoning systems and policies. | |
五是積極發展社會事業，增進民生福祉。出臺促進高質量充分就業的政策措施，強化對企業吸納就業的支持，高校畢業生、脫貧人口、農民工等重點群體就業保持穩定。推進教育強國建設。提高義務教育階段家庭經濟困難學生生活補助標準。國家獎助學金提標擴面、助學貸款提額降息，惠及學生3400多萬人次。鞏固“雙減”成果，持續優化基礎教育生態。推進醫療機構檢查檢驗結果互認，擴大基層慢性病、常見病用藥種類。扎實做好重點傳染病防治。擴大職工醫保個人賬戶共濟范圍。提高城鄉居民基礎養老金和退休人員基本養老金。深化養老服務改革，制定促進銀發經濟發展的政策。強化殘疾人權益保障。提高優撫補助標準。健全低保標準確定和調整機制，拓展救助對象范圍。向困難群眾發放一次性生活補助，惠及1100多萬人。完善全國年節及紀念日放假辦法。繁榮發展文化事業和文化產業，文化和旅游市場持續活躍。扎實籌辦第九屆亞洲冬季運動會，成功舉辦第十二屆全國少數民族傳統體育運動會，我國體育健兒在巴黎奧運會取得境外參賽最好成績。 | 5. We actively developed social programs and improved the people's wellbeing. We adopted new policy measures to promote high-quality and full employment, supported businesses in creating new jobs, and ensured stable employment among key groups, including college graduates, people lifted out of poverty, and rural migrant workers. We worked to build a strong educational system for China. Living allowances were increased for students with financial difficulties in the compulsory education stage. We increased the standards and expanded the coverage of government scholarships and grants. The cap on government-subsidized student loans was raised and the interest rates were lowered. Students across the country benefited from these measures on over 34 million occasions. We consolidated the gains of initiatives launched to relieve students of excessive burdens from homework and off-campus tutoring, bringing about a further improvement in the basic education environment. We made continued progress in advancing mutual recognition of clinical test results from different medical institutions and permitted community clinics to prescribe a wider range of medicines for chronic and common diseases. We took concrete steps to prevent and control key infectious diseases. Under the basic medical insurance scheme, urban workers were granted greater scope to use personal accounts for family members. Basic old-age benefits for rural and non-working urban residents and basic pension benefits for retirees were increased. We deepened the reform of elderly care services and formulated policies to promote the development of the silver economy. We strengthened safeguards for the rights and interests of people with disabilities and increased subsidies for entitled groups. We improved the mechanism to set and adjust subsistence allowance standards and expanded the coverage of this program. We provided one-off living allowances to over 11 million people in difficulty. We refined the measures for national public holidays and memorial days. Cultural programs and industries were boosted, and cultural and tourism markets continued to thrive. We made good preparations for the 9th Asian Winter Games and successfully hosted the 12th National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities of the People's Republic of China. Chinese athletes achieved their best overseas Olympic performance at the Paris Olympics. | |
六是持續加強生態環境保護，提升綠色低碳發展水平。強化生態環境綜合治理，主要污染物排放量繼續下降。深入實施重要生態系統保護和修復重大工程，荒漠化、沙化土地面積持續“雙縮減”。生物多樣性保護取得積極成效，大量珍稀瀕危野生動植物種群穩步增長。推動重點行業節能降碳改造，推進新能源開發利用，非化石能源發電量占總發電量的比重接近40%。啟動全國溫室氣體自愿減排交易市場。全國碳排放權交易更趨活躍。 | 6. We continued to strengthen environmental protection and promoted green and low-carbon development. We stepped up comprehensive efforts to improve the environment and achieved yet another drop in the discharge of major pollutants. We implemented major projects for protecting and restoring key ecosystems and realized a further reduction in the areas of both deserts and sandy lands. Progress was made in biodiversity conservation and the populations of many rare and endangered wildlife species increased steadily. We pushed ahead with upgrading in key industries for energy conservation and carbon reduction and advanced the development and use of new energy sources. The share of electricity generated from non-fossil fuels increased, accounting for close to 40 percent of total power generation. We launched the National Voluntary Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Trading Market, and carbon emissions trading in China became increasingly brisk. | |
七是加強政府建設和治理創新，保持社會和諧穩定。貫徹落實黨中央全面從嚴治黨戰略部署，嚴格落實中央八項規定精神，扎實開展黨紀學習教育，大力整治形式主義、官僚主義，切實為基層減負，深入治理群眾身邊的不正之風，持續加強黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。深入推進依法行政。提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案19件，制定修訂行政法規28部。自覺依法接受監督。認真辦理人大代表建議和政協委員提案。加強行政執法監督，規范涉企行政檢查。推出兩批“高效辦成一件事”重點事項清單，推動線上線下服務能力整體提升。開展推動高質量發展綜合督查。創新和完善社會治理。加強矛盾糾紛排查化解，推進信訪工作法治化。強化應急管理和安全生產，開展燃氣、電動自行車等安全隱患全鏈條專項整治。有效防范應對洪澇、臺風、地震等自然災害。完善國家安全體系。嚴防極端案事件發生，依法嚴懲惡性犯罪，全力保障人民群眾生命財產安全和社會穩定。 | 7. We enhanced government performance and governance innovation and ensured social harmony and stability. We implemented the Party Central Committee's strategic plans for conducting full and rigorous Party self-governance, strictly complied with the central Party leadership's eight-point decision on improving work conduct, and launched an initiative to increase awareness of Party discipline. We made a major push to address pointless formalities and bureaucratism so as to lighten the burdens on those working on the ground, intensified efforts to rectify misconduct directly affecting people's lives, and kept working to improve conduct, build integrity, and combat corruption. We advanced law-based government administration. We submitted 19 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the NPC for deliberation and formulated or revised 28 administrative regulations. We readily accepted oversight in compliance with the law and handled with keen attention recommendations from NPC deputies and proposals by CPPCC National Committee members. We stepped up supervision over administrative law enforcement and regulated administrative inspections on enterprises. We rolled out two lists of major matters covered by one-stop government services and boosted our overall ability to provide online and offline services. General inspections were launched to assess progress toward high-quality development. We developed new and better ways of conducting social governance. We redoubled efforts to identify and defuse conflicts and disputes and put the handling of public complaints on a solid legal footing. We improved emergency management and workplace safety and adopted whole-of-chain approaches to tackling safety hazards such as those related to gas and electric bikes. We took effective measures to guard against and respond to floods, typhoons, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. We improved the national security system, adopted rigorous measures to prevent the occurrence of critical incidents and cases, and cracked down hard on major crimes in accordance with the law. In doing so, we protected our people's lives and property and ensured social stability. | |
過去一年，中國特色大國外交開創新局面。習近平主席等黨和國家領導人出訪多國，出席上海合作組織峰會、金磚國家領導人會晤、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、二十國集團領導人峰會、東亞合作領導人系列會議等重大多雙邊活動。成功舉辦中非合作論壇北京峰會、和平共處五項原則發表70周年紀念大會、中阿合作論壇部長級會議等重大主場外交活動。推動構建人類命運共同體，鞏固拓展全球伙伴關系，堅持真正的多邊主義，在應對全球性挑戰和解決國際地區熱點問題中發揮積極建設性作用。中國為促進世界和平與發展作出了重要貢獻。 | In 2024, we made new advances in conducting major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. President Xi Jinping and other Party and state leaders visited many countries and attended major bilateral and multilateral events, including the Astana Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the 16th BRICS Summit, the 31st APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, the 19th G20 Summit, and the leaders' meetings on East Asian cooperation. China also hosted several major diplomatic events at home, such as the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, the Conference Marking the 70th Anniversary of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and the 10th Ministerial Conference of the China-Arab States Cooperation Forum. We continued to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. We consolidated and expanded partnerships across the globe, stayed committed to true multilateralism, and played a positive and constructive role in addressing global challenges and resolving regional and international hotspot issues. With these efforts, China made important contributions to peace and development in the world. | |
過去一年取得的成績，根本在于習近平總書記領航掌舵，在于習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想科學指引，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮斗的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示衷心感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示衷心感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示衷心感謝！ | We owe our achievements in 2024 to General Secretary Xi Jinping, who is at the helm charting the course, and to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We also owe them to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and to the concerted efforts of the whole Party, the armed forces, and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups. On behalf of the State Council, I express sincere thanks to all our people, and to all other political parties, people's organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also express sincere thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends across the world that have shown understanding and support for us in China as we pursue modernization. | |
在肯定成績的同時，我們也清醒看到面臨的問題和挑戰。從國際看，世界百年變局加速演進，外部環境更趨復雜嚴峻，可能對我國貿易、科技等領域造成更大沖擊。世界經濟增長動能不足，單邊主義、保護主義加劇，多邊貿易體制受阻，關稅壁壘增多，沖擊全球產業鏈供應鏈穩定，對國際經濟循環造成阻礙。地緣政治緊張因素依然較多，影響全球市場預期和投資信心，加劇國際市場波動風險。從國內看，經濟回升向好基礎還不穩固，有效需求不足，特別是消費不振。部分企業生產經營困難，賬款拖欠問題仍較突出。群眾就業增收面臨壓力。民生領域存在短板。一些地方基層財政困難。社會矛盾化解和風險防范工作還需要加強。政府效能和依法行政能力有待提升。一些工作協調配合不夠，有的政策落地偏慢、效果不及預期。有的部門服務觀念不強、辦事效率不高。一些干部亂作為、不作為、不善為，一些領域和地方腐敗問題依然多發。我們既要正視困難問題，更要堅定發展信心。我國具有顯著的制度優勢，有超大規模市場、完備產業體系、豐富人力人才資源等諸多優勢條件，有長遠規劃、科學調控、上下協同的有效治理機制，有需求升級、結構優化、動能轉換的廣闊增量空間，經濟長期向好的基本趨勢沒有改變也不會改變，我國經濟航船必將乘風破浪、行穩致遠！ | While recognizing our achievements, we are keenly aware of the problems and challenges that confront us. Internationally, changes unseen in a century are unfolding across the world at a faster pace. An increasingly complex and severe external environment may exert a greater impact on China in areas such as trade, science, and technology. Global economic growth lacks steam, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise, the multilateral trading system is experiencing disruptions, and tariff barriers continue to increase. All this is undermining the stability of global industrial and supply chains and impeding flows in the international economy. The factors causing geopolitical tensions remain numerous, and they are affecting global market expectations and investment confidence and fueling the risk of volatility in global markets. Domestically, the foundation for China's sustained economic recovery and growth is not strong enough. Effective demand is weak, and consumption, in particular, is sluggish. Some enterprises face difficulties in production and operations, and overdue payments remain a prominent issue for enterprises. There are pressures on job creation and income growth. In addition, there are weak links in our work to ensure public wellbeing and some primary-level governments have fiscal difficulties. Greater efforts need to be made to address social problems and guard against risks. We in government need to improve our performance and capacity for conducting law-based administration. Coordination and cooperation are lacking in some areas of our work, and the pace of implementation for some policies is too slow, with the results being less than expected. Some government departments are not fully service-oriented and are thus often inefficient. Some officials either act arbitrarily or lack the drive and ability to deliver. Corruption remains a common problem in some sectors and localities. We must face these difficulties and problems head-on and have stronger confidence in our development. China has distinctive institutional strengths and many advantages, including an enormous market, a complete industrial system, and a wealth of manpower and talent. We have effective governance mechanisms featuring long-term plans, sound regulation, and coordination between central and local governments as well as vast space for further growth through demand upgrades, structural improvements, and a shift to new growth drivers. The underlying trend of long-term economic growth has not changed and will not change. The giant ship of China's economy will continue to cleave the waves and sail steadily toward the future. | |
二、2025年經濟社會發展總體要求和政策取向 | II. Overall Requirements and Policy Orientations for Economic and Social Development in 2025 | |
今年是“十四五”規劃收官之年。做好政府工作，要在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，全面貫徹落實黨的二十大和二十屆二中、三中全會精神，按照中央經濟工作會議部署，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，完整準確全面貫徹新發展理念，加快構建新發展格局，扎實推動高質量發展，進一步全面深化改革，擴大高水平對外開放，建設現代化產業體系，更好統籌發展和安全，實施更加積極有為的宏觀政策，擴大國內需求，推動科技創新和產業創新融合發展，穩住樓市股市，防范化解重點領域風險和外部沖擊，穩定預期、激發活力，推動經濟持續回升向好，不斷提高人民生活水平，保持社會和諧穩定，高質量完成“十四五”規劃目標任務，為實現“十五五”良好開局打牢基礎。 | The year 2025 is the final year for implementing the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025). To deliver, we in government must, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, do the following: ■ follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era ■ fully implement the guiding principles from the Party's 20th National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th Party Central Committee ■ act on the guidelines of the Central Economic Work Conference ■ adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability ■ fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts, move faster to create a new pattern of development, and make solid progress in high-quality development ■ further deepen reform comprehensively and expand high-standard opening up ■ modernize the industrial system ■ better ensure both development and security ■ implement more proactive and effective macro policies ■ boost domestic demand ■ promote integrated advancements in technological and industrial innovation ■ ensure stability in the real estate market and the stock market ■ guard against and defuse risks in key areas and external shocks ■ stabilize expectations and boost economic vitality ■ promote sustained economic recovery and growth ■ keep improving people's living standards ■ maintain social harmony and stability ■ fulfill the targets and tasks set in the 14th Five-Year Plan to a high standard These efforts will enable us to lay a solid foundation for a good start to the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030). | |
今年發展主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長5%左右；城鎮調查失業率5.5%左右，城鎮新增就業1200萬人以上；居民消費價格漲幅2%左右；居民收入增長和經濟增長同步；國際收支保持基本平衡；糧食產量1.4萬億斤左右；單位國內生產總值能耗降低3%左右，生態環境質量持續改善。 | The main targets for development this year are projected as follows: ■ GDP growth of around 5 percent ■ surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent ■ over 12 million new urban jobs ■ CPI increase of around 2 percent ■ growth in personal income in step with economic growth ■ a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments ■ grain output of around 700 million metric tons ■ a drop of around 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP ■ continued improvements in the environment | |
提出上述預期目標，綜合考慮了國內外形勢和各方面因素，兼顧了需要與可能。經濟增長預期目標為5%左右，既是穩就業、防風險、惠民生的需要，也有經濟增長潛力和有利條件支撐，并與中長期發展目標相銜接，突出迎難而上、奮發有為的鮮明導向。城鎮調查失業率5.5%左右，體現了在就業總量和結構性矛盾更加突出背景下，加大穩就業力度的要求。居民消費價格漲幅2%左右，目的在于通過各項政策和改革共同作用，改善供求關系，使價格總水平處在合理區間。實現這些目標很不容易，必須付出艱苦努力。 | In proposing these targets, we have considered evolving dynamics both at home and abroad and other relevant factors, including both what is needed and what is possible. In setting the growth rate at around 5 percent, we have taken into account the need to stabilize employment, prevent risks, and improve the people's wellbeing, as well as the potential for growth and the conditions supporting growth. A target of around 5 percent is well aligned with our mid- and long-term development goals and underscores our resolve to meet difficulties head-on and strive hard to deliver. In view of the overall job creation target and more pronounced structural employment problems, we have set the surveyed urban unemployment rate at around 5.5 percent, which is necessary for providing more support to stabilize employment. With a CPI increase projected at around 2 percent, we aim to better balance supply and demand through a combination of policies and reform measures, so that the general price level will stay within an appropriate range. Achieving this year's targets will not be easy, and we must make arduous efforts to meet them. | |
我們將堅持穩中求進、以進促穩，守正創新、先立后破，系統集成、協同配合，充實完善政策工具箱，根據形勢變化動態調整政策，提高宏觀調控的前瞻性、針對性、有效性。注重目標引領，把握政策取向，講求時機力度，強化系統思維，提升宏觀政策實施效能。 | We will stay committed to pursuing progress while ensuring stability, promoting stability through progress, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, establishing the new before abolishing the old, and promoting systematic integration and efficient coordination. We will enrich and improve our policy toolkit, make timely policy adjustments in light of new developments, and make macro regulation more forward-looking, targeted, and effective. We will remain target-oriented and maintain the correct policy orientation with the right timing and intensity. We will enhance systems thinking and implement macro policies more effectively. | |
實施更加積極的財政政策。統籌安排收入、債券等各類財政資金，確保財政政策持續用力、更加給力。今年赤字率擬按4%左右安排、比上年提高1個百分點，赤字規模5.66萬億元、比上年增加1.6萬億元。一般公共預算支出規模29.7萬億元、比上年增加1.2萬億元。擬發行超長期特別國債1.3萬億元、比上年增加3000億元。擬發行特別國債5000億元，支持國有大型商業銀行補充資本。擬安排地方政府專項債券4.4萬億元、比上年增加5000億元，重點用于投資建設、土地收儲和收購存量商品房、消化地方政府拖欠企業賬款等。今年合計新增政府債務總規模11.86萬億元、比上年增加2.9萬億元，財政支出強度明顯加大。要加快各項資金下達撥付，盡快形成實際支出。持續優化支出結構，更加注重惠民生、促消費、增后勁，切實提高資金使用效益。中央財政加大對地方一般性轉移支付力度，向困難地區和欠發達地區傾斜。嚴格落實分級保障責任，筑牢兜實基層“三保”底線。堅持政府過緊日子，推進財政科學管理，嚴肅財經紀律，嚴禁鋪張浪費，騰出更多資金用于發展所需、民生所盼。 | We should adopt a more proactive fiscal policy. We will make good use of revenues, bonds, and other fiscal funds to ensure that fiscal policies provide sustained and more effective support. We have set the deficit-to-GDP ratio for this year at around 4 percent, an increase of one percentage point over last year. The government deficit is set at 5.66 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.6 trillion yuan over last year's budget figure. Expenditure in the general public budget is projected to reach 29.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.2 trillion yuan over last year. A total of 1.3 trillion yuan of ultra-long special treasury bonds will be issued, 300 billion yuan more than last year, and 500 billion yuan of special treasury bonds will be issued to support large state-owned commercial banks in replenishing capital. This year, 4.4 trillion yuan of local government special-purpose bonds will be issued, an increase of 500 billion yuan over last year. The funds raised from these special-purpose bonds will be mainly used for construction investment, land acquisition and reserve, purchase of commodity housing stock, and settlement of overdue payments owed by local governments to enterprises. This year, new government debt will total 11.86 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.9 trillion yuan over last year, enabling a notably higher level of spending. Various funds will be allocated more quickly to local governments to ensure that actual spending begins as soon as possible. We will continue to improve the spending structure, with greater priority given to improving the people's wellbeing, boosting consumption, and making growth more sustainable, and we will see that funds are used more effectively. The central government will increase general transfer payments to local governments and provide more support to localities facing economic difficulty and underdeveloped areas. We will see to it that governments at all levels fulfill their respective responsibilities and that, at the primary level, basic living needs are met, salaries are paid, and governments function normally. We in government will continue to keep our belts tightened, exercise sound fiscal management, maintain strict financial and economic discipline, and prohibit wasteful spending, so as to free up more funds to support development and meet people's expectations for a better life. | |
實施適度寬松的貨幣政策。發揮好貨幣政策工具的總量和結構雙重功能，適時降準降息，保持流動性充裕，使社會融資規模、貨幣供應量增長同經濟增長、價格總水平預期目標相匹配。優化和創新結構性貨幣政策工具，更大力度促進樓市股市健康發展，加大對科技創新、綠色發展、提振消費以及民營、小微企業等的支持。進一步疏通貨幣政策傳導渠道，完善利率形成和傳導機制，落實無還本續貸政策，強化融資增信和風險分擔等支持措施。推動社會綜合融資成本下降，提升金融服務可獲得性和便利度。保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩定。拓展中央銀行宏觀審慎與金融穩定功能，創新金融工具，維護金融市場穩定。 | We should apply an appropriately accommodative monetary policy. We will fully leverage the role of monetary policy instruments in adjusting both the monetary aggregate and structure, make timely cuts to required reserve ratios and interest rates, and maintain adequate liquidity. This will ensure that increases in aggregate financing and money supply are in step with projected economic growth and CPI levels. We will refine and develop new structural monetary policy instruments to provide stronger support for sound development of the real estate sector and the stock market, for scientific and technological innovation, green development, the boosting of consumption, and for private businesses and micro and small enterprises. We will further broaden the channels for monetary policy transmission and improve the mechanisms for setting and transmitting interest rates. We will implement the policy on granting loan renewals without full repayment of the principal and introduce more supportive measures for credit enhancement, risk sharing, and other matters. We will work to reduce overall financing costs and make financial services more accessible and convenient. The RMB exchange rate will be kept generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level. We will expand the role of the People's Bank of China in practicing macro-prudential management and stabilizing the financial sector and create new financial instruments to keep the financial market stable. | |
強化宏觀政策民生導向。堅持以人民為中心，經濟政策的著力點更多轉向惠民生、促消費，以消費提振暢通經濟循環，以消費升級引領產業升級，在保障和改善民生中打造新的經濟增長點。推動更多資金資源“投資于人”、服務于民生，支持擴大就業、促進居民增收減負、加強消費激勵，形成經濟發展和民生改善的良性循環。 | We should pursue people-oriented macro policies. We will take a people-centered approach and place a stronger economic policy focus on improving living standards and boosting consumer spending. We will boost and upgrade consumption to stimulate economic flows and industrial upgrading. We will also foster new growth drivers by ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing. More funds and resources will be invested in people and used to meet their needs. This will help create more jobs, increase people's incomes and reduce their burdens, and provide more incentives to stimulate consumption, thus promoting positive interplay between economic growth and improvements in people's lives. | |
打好政策“組合拳”。加強財政、貨幣、就業、產業、區域、貿易、環保、監管等政策協同以及與改革開放舉措的協調配合，增強政策合力。健全和用好宏觀政策取向一致性評估工作機制，把經濟政策和非經濟性政策統一納入一致性評估，統籌政策制定和執行全過程，提升政策目標、工具、時機、力度、節奏的匹配度。出臺實施政策要能早則早、寧早勿晚，與各種不確定性搶時間，看準了就一次性給足，提高政策實效。加強上下聯動、橫向協作，促進政策從“最初一公里”到“最后一公里”銜接暢通。注重傾聽市場聲音，協同推進政策實施和預期引導，塑造積極的社會預期。 | We should improve policy coordination. We will ensure better coordination between fiscal, monetary, employment, industrial, regional, trade, environmental, regulatory, and other policies and see that they are well aligned with reform and opening up measures so as to create greater synergy. We will refine the working mechanism for evaluating the consistency of macro policy orientations and put it to more effective use. Both economic and non-economic policies will be included in evaluations. Coordination will be maintained throughout the entire process, from policy formulation to execution, to ensure proper alignment between policy targets, instruments, timing, intensity, and tempo. Policies should be introduced and implemented as soon as possible—it is better to act early than late, as this will buy valuable time for addressing any uncertainties that may arise. Once we are certain of a policy, we should decisively act with ample force to produce more effective outcomes. We will also strengthen coordination between the central and local governments and between relevant departments to ensure that the process of policy execution is seamless from the first mile to the last. We will heed the market's voice, make concerted efforts to facilitate policy implementation and guide expectations, and strive to shape positive public expectations. | |
完成好今年目標任務，必須深入貫徹習近平經濟思想，緊抓高質量發展這個首要任務，堅持以質取勝和發揮規模效應相統一，實現質的有效提升和量的合理增長。堅定實施擴大內需戰略，做大做強國內大循環，在擴大開放中拓展國際合作空間，實現國內國際雙循環在更高水平上相互促進、良性互動。持續深化供給側結構性改革，著力破解消費供給的結構性矛盾，更加注重以高質量供給引領需求、創造需求。堅持以進一步全面深化改革調動各方面積極性，激發全社會創新創造活力。 | To fulfill the goals and tasks for this year, we must act on Xi Jinping Thought on the Economy and focus on the top priority of high-quality development. We need to place equal emphasis on winning through quality and drawing on economies of scale and work to both improve the quality of growth and appropriately increase output. We will firmly implement the strategy of expanding domestic demand, strengthen the domestic economy and drive its expansion, and broaden international cooperation through further opening up, so as to promote greater mutual reinforcement and higher-standard positive interplay between domestic and international economic flows. We will continue to deepen supply-side structural reform, address structural gaps between consumption and supply, and do more to steer and generate demand through high-quality supply. We will tap into the drive of all sectors of society by further deepening reform comprehensively and encourage the innovation and creativity of the whole society. | |
三、2025年政府工作任務 | III. Major Tasks for 2025 | |
今年經濟社會發展任務十分繁重。我們要突出重點、把握關鍵，著重抓好以下幾個方面工作。 | This year, we face formidable tasks in economic and social development. We should focus on major priorities and key links and strive to deliver a good performance in the following areas. | |
（一）大力提振消費、提高投資效益，全方位擴大國內需求。促進消費和投資更好結合，加快補上內需特別是消費短板，使內需成為拉動經濟增長的主動力和穩定錨。 | 1. Vigorously boosting consumption and investment returns and stimulating domestic demand across the board To promote synergy between consumption and investment, we should move faster to address inadequate domestic demand, particularly insufficient consumption, and make domestic demand the main engine and anchor of economic growth. | |
實施提振消費專項行動。制定提升消費能力、增加優質供給、改善消費環境專項措施，釋放多樣化、差異化消費潛力，推動消費提質升級。多渠道促進居民增收，推動中低收入群體增收減負，完善勞動者工資正常增長機制。安排超長期特別國債3000億元支持消費品以舊換新。從放寬準入、減少限制、優化監管等方面入手，擴大健康、養老、助殘、托幼、家政等多元化服務供給。創新和豐富消費場景，加快數字、綠色、智能等新型消費發展。落實和優化休假制度，釋放文化、旅游、體育等消費潛力。完善免稅店政策，推動擴大入境消費。深化國際消費中心城市建設，健全縣域商業體系。完善全口徑消費統計制度。強化消費者權益保護，營造安全放心消費環境。 | We will launch special initiatives to boost consumption. We will adopt special measures to increase spending power, boost the supply of quality products and services, and improve the consumption environment in order to tap the potential of diversified, differentiated spending and promote consumption upgrading. We will promote personal income growth through a variety of avenues, increase the earnings of low- and middle-income groups and reduce their financial burdens, and improve the mechanisms for regular pay increases. Ultra-long special treasury bonds totaling 300 billion yuan will be issued to support consumer goods trade-in programs. We will increase the diversified supply of elderly care and childcare as well as health, disability, and domestic services by expanding access, reducing restrictions, and improve supervision in these sectors. We will create a full range of new consumption scenarios to accelerate the growth of digital, green, smart, and other new types of consumption. We will improve the leave system and ensure its effective implementation to unlock consumption potential in culture, tourism, sports, and other sectors. Policies on duty-free shops will be refined to expand inbound consumption. We will turn a number of cities into international consumption centers and improve county-level commercial systems. The comprehensive statistics system for consumption will be improved. More will be done to protect the rights and interests of consumers and create a safe and reassuring environment for them. | |
積極擴大有效投資。緊扣國家發展戰略和民生需求，發揮好各類政府投資工具作用，加強財政與金融配合，強化項目儲備和要素保障，加快實施一批重點項目，推動“十四五”規劃重大工程順利收官。切實選準選好項目，管好用好資金，保障在建項目資金需求，堅決防止低效無效投資。今年中央預算內投資擬安排7350億元。用好超長期特別國債，強化超長期貸款等配套融資，加強自上而下組織協調，更大力度支持“兩重”建設。優化地方政府專項債券管理機制，實施好投向領域負面清單管理、下放項目審核權限等措施。簡化投資審批流程，建立健全跨部門跨區域重大項目協調推進機制。加大服務業投資力度。支持和鼓勵民間投資發展，規范實施政府和社會資本合作新機制，引導更多民間資本參與重大基礎設施、社會民生等領域建設，讓民間資本有更大發展空間。 | We will expand effective investment. With a focus on national development strategies and the needs of the people, we will leverage government investment instruments of all types, create greater synergy between fiscal and financial policies, and expand project reserves and ensure the supply of production factors. We will accelerate progress on a number of key projects and complete all major projects launched under the 14th Five-Year Plan. We will see that projects are well selected and that funds are well managed and efficiently used, so as to ensure funding for ongoing projects and prevent ineffective investment. This year, 735 billion yuan will be earmarked in the central government budget for investment. We will put ultra-long special treasury bonds to good use, increase ultra-long-term loans and other types of financing support, and strengthen top-down organization and coordination to ensure greater support for the implementation of major national strategies and security capacity building in key areas. To improve the management mechanism for local government special-purpose bonds, we will adopt a negative list for areas of investment and delegate power for project review and approval. We will simplify investment approval procedures and establish sound mechanisms for ensuring coordinated implementation of major cross-department and trans-regional projects. Investment in the service sector will be scaled up. To support and encourage private investment, we will implement new mechanisms for public-private partnership in a well-regulated manner and guide more private investment toward major infrastructure and public wellbeing projects, thus creating more opportunities for the development of private capital. | |
（二）因地制宜發展新質生產力，加快建設現代化產業體系。推動科技創新和產業創新融合發展，大力推進新型工業化，做大做強先進制造業，積極發展現代服務業，促進新動能積厚成勢、傳統動能煥新升級。 | 2. Developing new quality productive forces in light of local conditions and accelerating the development of a modernized industrial system We should pursue integrated advancements in technological and industrial innovation, press ahead with new industrialization, expand and strengthen advanced manufacturing, and vigorously develop modern services. This will enable us to build up the momentum of new growth drivers while upgrading and reviving traditional ones. | |
培育壯大新興產業、未來產業。深入推進戰略性新興產業融合集群發展。開展新技術新產品新場景大規模應用示范行動，推動商業航天、低空經濟、深海科技等新興產業安全健康發展。建立未來產業投入增長機制，培育生物制造、量子科技、具身智能、6G等未來產業。深化先進制造業和現代服務業融合發展試點，加快發展服務型制造。加強產業統籌布局和產能監測預警，促進產業有序發展和良性競爭。加快國家高新區創新發展。梯度培育創新型企業，促進專精特新中小企業發展壯大，支持獨角獸企業、瞪羚企業發展，讓更多企業在新領域新賽道跑出加速度。 | We will foster emerging industries and industries of the future. We will advance integrated and clustered development of strategic emerging industries, carry out demonstration initiatives on the large-scale application of new technologies, products, and scenarios, and promote safe and sound development of commercial space, the low-altitude economy, deep-sea science and technology, and other emerging industries. We will establish a mechanism to increase funding for industries of the future and foster industries such as biomanufacturing, quantum technology, embodied AI, and 6G technology. We will advance trials for integrated development of advanced manufacturing and modern services to accelerate the development of service-oriented manufacturing. To promote orderly industrial development and healthy competition, we will improve coordination and planning of industries and strengthen monitoring and early warning for production capacity. We will accelerate innovative development of national new- and high-tech development zones. We will advance tiered development of innovative enterprises, promote the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that use specialized and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products, and support the development of unicorn and gazelle companies. These efforts will enable more enterprises to surge ahead in new areas and arenas. | |
推動傳統產業改造提升。加快制造業重點產業鏈高質量發展，強化產業基礎再造和重大技術裝備攻關。進一步擴范圍、降門檻，深入實施制造業重大技術改造升級和大規模設備更新工程。加快制造業數字化轉型，培育一批既懂行業又懂數字化的服務商，加大對中小企業數字化轉型的支持。開展標準提升引領傳統產業優化升級行動。深入推進制造業“增品種、提品質、創品牌”工作，加強全面質量管理，打造名品精品、經典產業。 | We will promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. We will accelerate high-quality development of key industrial chains in the manufacturing sector and step up efforts to advance industrial foundation reengineering and major technology and equipment research. We will further extend the coverage of projects and lower eligibility requirements to carry out major technology transformation and upgrading as well as large-scale renewal of equipment in the manufacturing sector. We will accelerate the digitalization of manufacturing, foster a number of service providers with both industry expertise and digital know-how, and bolster support for digital transformation of SMEs. We will elevate national standards to guide the upgrading of traditional industries. To advance initiatives on improving product variety, quality, and brand-building in the manufacturing sector, we will strengthen all-around quality management and develop popular brands, quality products, and renowned traditional industries. | |
激發數字經濟創新活力。持續推進“人工智能+”行動，將數字技術與制造優勢、市場優勢更好結合起來，支持大模型廣泛應用，大力發展智能網聯新能源汽車、人工智能手機和電腦、智能機器人等新一代智能終端以及智能制造裝備。擴大5G規模化應用，加快工業互聯網創新發展，優化全國算力資源布局，打造具有國際競爭力的數字產業集群。加快完善數據基礎制度，深化數據資源開發利用，促進和規范數據跨境流動。促進平臺經濟規范健康發展，更好發揮其在促創新、擴消費、穩就業等方面的積極作用。 | We will unleash the creativity of the digital economy. Under the AI Plus initiative, we will work to effectively combine digital technologies with China's manufacturing and market strengths. We will support the extensive application of large-scale AI models and vigorously develop new-generation intelligent terminals and smart manufacturing equipment, including intelligent connected new-energy vehicles, AI-enabled phones and computers, and intelligent robots. We will promote broader application of 5G technology, accelerate the innovation-driven development of the Industrial Internet, optimize the layout of computing resources across the country, and foster internationally competitive digital industry clusters. Basic data systems will be improved at a faster pace, data resources will be extensively developed and utilized, and cross-border data flows will be promoted and kept under regulation. We will promote the healthy and well-regulated development of the platform economy and give better play to its role in inspiring innovation, expanding consumption, and stabilizing employment. | |
（三）深入實施科教興國戰略，提升國家創新體系整體效能。堅持創新引領發展，一體推進教育發展、科技創新、人才培養，筑牢中國式現代化的基礎性、戰略性支撐。 | 3. Fully implementing the strategy of invigorating China through science and education and boosting the overall performance of China's innovation system We should stay committed to innovation-driven development and make integrated progress in education, scientific and technological innovation, and talent cultivation, so as to consolidate the foundational and strategic underpinning for Chinese modernization. | |
加快建設高質量教育體系。制定實施教育強國建設三年行動計劃。全面實施新時代立德樹人工程，推進大中小學思政課一體化改革創新。深入實施基礎教育擴優提質工程，健全與人口變化相適應的資源統籌調配機制。加強義務教育學校標準化建設，推動義務教育優質均衡發展，擴大高中階段教育學位供給，提升縣域高中質量，逐步推行免費學前教育。辦好特殊教育、繼續教育、專門教育，引導規范民辦教育發展。推進職普融通、產教融合，增強職業教育適應性。分類推進高校改革，扎實推進優質本科擴容，加快“雙一流”建設，完善學科設置調整機制和人才培養模式。積極開展學校體育活動，普及心理健康教育，關愛師生身心健康。弘揚教育家精神，建設高素質專業化教師隊伍，加強師德師風建設和教師待遇保障。要緊緊圍繞國家需求和群眾關切推進教育改革發展，加快從教育大國向教育強國邁進。 | We will move faster to build a high-quality education system. A three-year action plan for strengthening education will be drawn up and implemented. The project of fostering virtue through education in the new era will be fully carried out, and integrated reforms and new approaches will be adopted in the political education curriculum at all levels, from elementary school to university. We will continue to upgrade basic education and develop sound mechanisms for coordinating the allocation of educational resources in response to demographic changes. We will see that compulsory education schools meet educational standards and promote high-quality, well-balanced development of compulsory education. We will increase the supply of senior secondary school places, enhance the quality of county high schools, and promote free preschool education in a phased way. We will improve special needs education, continuing education, and specialized education and guide and regulate the development of private education. We will advance integrated development of vocational education and general education as well as collaboration between industries and schools to help make vocational education more adaptable. We will move ahead with reforms of higher education institutions on a categorized basis, take solid steps to expand quality undergraduate education, accelerate the development of world-class universities and academic disciplines, and refine the mechanisms for discipline adjustment and talent training models. We will vigorously carry out physical education activities in schools, ensure access to mental health education, and show concern for the physical and mental wellbeing of students and teachers. We will promote the ethos of educators, train high-caliber professional teachers, enhance their professional integrity and conduct, and ensure full payment of teachers' salaries and benefits. We will press ahead with educational reform and development to meet our country's needs and address people's concerns, and move faster to transform China from a large educational country to an educational powerhouse. | |
推進高水平科技自立自強。充分發揮新型舉國體制優勢，強化關鍵核心技術攻關和前沿性、顛覆性技術研發，加快組織實施和超前布局重大科技項目。優化國家戰略科技力量布局，推進科研院所改革，探索國家實驗室新型科研組織模式，增強國際和區域科技創新中心輻射帶動能力。推動科技支出向基礎研究傾斜，完善競爭性支持和穩定支持相結合的投入機制，提高基礎研究組織化程度。發揮科技領軍企業龍頭作用，加強企業主導的產學研深度融合，從制度上保障企業參與國家科技創新決策、承擔重大科技項目。完善中央財政科技經費分配和管理使用機制。健全科技成果轉化支持政策和市場服務，推進職務科技成果賦權和資產單列管理改革，提升科技成果轉化效能。加強知識產權保護和運用。加快概念驗證、中試驗證和行業共性技術平臺建設。健全創投基金差異化監管制度，強化政策性金融支持，加快發展創業投資、壯大耐心資本。擴大科技開放合作。加強科學普及工作，提升公民科學素質。弘揚科學家精神，推動形成鼓勵探索、寬容失敗的創新環境。 | We will improve self-reliance and strength in science and technology. We will fully leverage the strengths of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to intensify the push for breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields and R&D advancements in frontier and disruptive technologies, and accelerate implementation of and forward-looking planning for major science and technology projects. To optimize the layout of China's strategic scientific and technological resources, we will advance the reform of research institutes, explore new research organization models for national laboratories, and enable international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation to better play a guiding role. A greater share of science and technology expenditures will be allocated to basic research, and investment mechanisms will be refined to include both competition-based support and stable funding. Steps will also be taken to adopt a more organized approach to basic research. We will fully leverage the pacesetting role of leading high-tech enterprises, bolster enterprise-led collaboration between industries, universities, and research institutes, and provide institutional support for enterprises to participate in national decision-making on scientific and technological innovation and undertake major science and technology projects. The allocation, management, and utilization of central government research funds will be improved. We will refine supporting policies and market services for applying scientific and technological advances and push forward reforms to grant researchers corresponding rights over their scientific and technological outputs produced on the job and place these outputs under separate management. These steps will ensure more efficient application of scientific and technological advances. We will strengthen the protection and application of intellectual property rights and work faster to set up proof-of-concept, pilot-scale testing, and industrial generic technology platforms. We will refine the differentiated oversight system for venture capital funds and provide greater policy-backed financial support to accelerate the development of venture capital investment and the growth of patient capital. Opening up and cooperation will be expanded in the science and technology sector. Initiatives to promote scientific knowledge will be advanced to improve scientific literacy among the public. We will nurture dedication to science and strive to create an enabling environment for innovation that encourages exploration and tolerates failure. | |
全面提高人才隊伍質量。發揮人才高地和人才平臺的輻射作用，加快建設國家戰略人才力量，加強拔尖創新人才、重點領域急需緊缺人才和高技能人才培養。大力支持、大膽使用青年科技人才。弘揚工匠精神，建設一流產業技術工人隊伍。完善海外引進人才支持保障機制，優化外籍人才服務。深化人才管理和使用制度改革，賦予用人單位更大自主權，推動產學研人才聯合培養和交流。促進人才區域合理布局，加強東中西部人才協作，鼓勵優秀人才在中西部地區建功立業。深化人才分類評價改革和科教界“帽子”治理，建立以創新能力、質量、實效、貢獻為導向的人才評價體系，鼓勵各類人才潛心鉆研、厚積薄發。 | We will enhance the overall caliber of talent. Giving full play to the leading role of talent hubs and platforms, we will work faster to foster talent with expertise of strategic importance for our country and redouble efforts to nurture top-tier innovators, urgently needed personnel in key areas, and highly-skilled workers. Young scientists and engineers should be given strong support and important responsibilities. We will call for the pursuit of superior workmanship and develop a first-rate industrial technical workforce. We will also improve the support mechanisms for talent recruited from overseas and provide better services for foreign professionals. We will deepen institutional reforms to grant employers greater decision-making power over personnel management and appointments and encourage joint training and personnel exchanges between industries, universities, and research institutes. We will improve the distribution of talent across regions, foster closer personnel collaboration between the eastern, central, and western regions, and encourage outstanding personnel to pursue successful careers in the central and western regions. We will further reform category-based personnel assessments and address the issue of coveting honorary titles in the scientific and educational sectors. We will put in place a personnel assessment system based on innovation-related capability, performance, outcomes, and contributions. All this will help encourage personnel of all types to devote themselves to research, build solid foundations, and strive for excellence. | |
（四）推動標志性改革舉措加快落地，更好發揮經濟體制改革牽引作用。扎實推進重點領域改革，著力破除制約發展的體制機制障礙，創造更加公平、更有活力的市場環境。 | 4. Accelerating the implementation of landmark reform measures and better leveraging the leading role of economic structural reform We should take solid steps to promote reform in key areas, remove institutional barriers impeding development, and foster a fairer and more dynamic market environment. | |
有效激發各類經營主體活力。堅持和落實“兩個毫不動搖”。高質量完成國有企業改革深化提升行動，實施國有經濟布局優化和結構調整指引，加快建立國有企業履行戰略使命評價制度。扎扎實實落實促進民營經濟發展的法律法規和政策措施，切實依法保護民營企業和民營企業家合法權益，鼓勵有條件的民營企業建立完善中國特色現代企業制度。加力推進清理拖欠企業賬款工作，強化源頭治理和失信懲戒，落實解決拖欠企業賬款問題長效機制。深化政企常態化溝通交流，切實幫助企業解決實際困難和問題。多措并舉精準支持個體工商戶發展。開展規范涉企執法專項行動，集中整治亂收費、亂罰款、亂檢查、亂查封，堅決防止違規異地執法和趨利性執法。政府要寓管理于服務之中，用服務的暖心增強企業的信心。 | We will make effective moves to stimulate the vitality of market entities. We will stay committed to both unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector and unswervingly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector. We will complete initiatives to deepen and upgrade SOE reform to high standards, implement guidelines on refining the layout and adjusting the structure of the state-owned sector, and move faster to establish a system to assess SOEs' performance in fulfilling their strategic missions. We will take solid steps to implement laws, regulations, policies, and measures designed to spur the growth of the private sector, effectively protect the lawful rights and interests of private enterprises and entrepreneurs in accordance with the law, and encourage private enterprises with appropriate conditions to institute and refine modern corporate systems with distinctive Chinese features. To ensure that overdue payments owed to enterprises are settled, we will intensify efforts to tackle this issue at the source, take stronger punitive actions against those who act in bad faith, and implement long-term mechanisms to address this issue. The government will engage in regular communication with enterprises to help resolve their practical difficulties and problems. We will also take a wide range of targeted measures to support self-employed individuals in pursuing business development. Special initiatives will be launched to regulate enterprise-related law enforcement, with a focus on tackling arbitrary charges, fines, inspections, and seizures. We will take resolute steps to prevent unauthorized cross-jurisdictional and profit-driven law enforcement. We in government should conduct service-oriented administration and boost the confidence of enterprises with satisfactory services. | |
縱深推進全國統一大市場建設。加快建立健全基礎制度規則，破除地方保護和市場分割，打通市場準入退出、要素配置等方面制約經濟循環的卡點堵點，綜合整治“內卷式”競爭。實施全國統一大市場建設指引，修訂出臺新版市場準入負面清單，優化新業態新領域市場準入環境。制定重點領域公平競爭合規指引，改革完善招標投標體制機制。出臺健全社會信用體系的政策，構建統一的信用修復制度。完善企業簡易退出制度，逐步推廣經營主體活動發生地統計。加快建設統一開放的交通運輸市場，實施降低全社會物流成本專項行動。 | We will make thorough efforts to develop a unified national market. We will move faster to develop and improve foundational institutions and rules for this purpose. We will eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation, remove bottlenecks and obstacles such as those impeding economic flows in terms of market access and exit as well as allocation of production factors, and take comprehensive steps to address rat race competition. We will implement guidelines on developing a unified national market and release a new revised version of the negative list for market access to improve access for new forms of business and new sectors. Guidelines will be formulated on fair competition compliance in key areas, and institutions and mechanisms for public bidding will be reformed and improved. We will introduce policies for improving the social credit system and develop an integrated credit repair system. We will refine the procedures for simplified enterprise deregistration and make a gradual transition to statistics collection based on the places where market entities conduct business. We will work faster to develop a unified and open transportation market and launch an initiative to cut logistics costs across society. | |
深化財稅金融體制改革。開展中央部門零基預算改革試點，支持地方深化零基預算改革，在支出標準、績效評價等關鍵制度上積極創新。加快推進部分品目消費稅征收環節后移并下劃地方，增加地方自主財力。規范稅收優惠政策。積極探索建立激勵機制，促進地方在高質量發展中培育財源。嚴控財政供養人員規模。完善科技金融、綠色金融、普惠金融、養老金融、數字金融標準體系和基礎制度。深化資本市場投融資綜合改革，大力推動中長期資金入市，加強戰略性力量儲備和穩市機制建設。改革優化股票發行上市和并購重組制度。加快多層次債券市場發展。 | We will further reform the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems. We will pilot zero-based budgeting reform in central government departments and support local governments in furthering this reform. We will develop new approaches in key areas such as expenditure standards and performance assessments. Faster moves will be taken to collect excise tax on some items further down the production-to-consumption chain, with the power of collection being passed to local governments, thus placing more fiscal resources at their disposal. Tax break policies will be placed under better regulation. We will actively explore incentive mechanisms to encourage local governments to foster new sources of revenue in pursuing high-quality development. We will strictly control the number of people on the government payroll. We will improve the standards and foundational institutions for technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance. We will deepen comprehensive reforms for investment and financing in the capital market, encourage the entry of long- and medium-term capital into the market, and strengthen strategic resource reserves and market stabilization mechanisms. Procedures for stock issuance and listing and enterprise merger, acquisition, and reorganization will be reformed and improved, and the development of multilevel bond markets will be expedited. | |
（五）擴大高水平對外開放，積極穩外貿穩外資。無論外部環境如何變化，始終堅持對外開放不動搖，穩步擴大制度型開放，有序擴大自主開放和單邊開放，以開放促改革促發展。 | 5. Expanding higher-standard opening up and stabilizing foreign trade and investment Regardless of changes in the external environment, we should remain steadfast in our commitment to opening up. We should steadily expand institutional opening up and take the initiative to open wider and advance unilateral opening up in a well-ordered way, so as to promote reform and development through greater openness. | |
穩定對外貿易發展。加大穩外貿政策力度，支持企業穩訂單拓市場。優化融資、結算、外匯等金融服務，擴大出口信用保險承保規模和覆蓋面，強化企業境外參展辦展支持。促進跨境電商發展，完善跨境寄遞物流體系，加強海外倉建設。拓展境外經貿合作區功能，發展中間品貿易，開拓多元化市場。支持內外貿一體化發展，加快解決標準認證、市場渠道等方面問題。推動服務貿易創新發展，提升傳統優勢服務競爭力，鼓勵服務出口，擴大優質服務進口。培育綠色貿易、數字貿易等新增長點，支持有條件的地方發展新型離岸貿易，積極發展邊境貿易。高質量辦好進博會、廣交會、服貿會、數貿會、消博會等重大展會。推進智慧海關建設與合作，提升通關便利化水平。 | We will work for stable development of foreign trade. We will bolster policies for stabilizing foreign trade and support enterprises in securing orders and exploring new markets. We will improve financial services related to financing, settlement, and foreign exchange, expand the scale and coverage of export credit insurance, and provide more support to enterprises participating in and organizing exhibitions abroad. We will promote cross-border e-commerce by improving logistics services for cross-border delivery and boosting development of overseas warehouses. We will expand the functions of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones, boost trade in intermediate goods, and help diversify markets. We will support the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade and work faster to address issues concerning standards, certification, and market channels. We will promote innovation-driven development of trade in services and enhance the competitiveness of services where we have long held an edge. We will encourage export of services and increase the import of quality services. We will cultivate new growth drivers, such as green trade and digital trade, support localities where conditions permit in developing new types of offshore trade, and boost border trade. We will host major trade events to high standards, such as the China International Import Expo, the China Import and Export Fair, the China International Fair for Trade in Services, the Global Digital Trade Expo, and the China International Consumer Products Expo. We will promote Smart Customs development and cooperation to further simplify customs clearance procedures. | |
大力鼓勵外商投資。推進服務業擴大開放綜合試點示范，推動互聯網、文化等領域有序開放，擴大電信、醫療、教育等領域開放試點。鼓勵外國投資者擴大再投資，支持參與產業鏈上下游配套協作。切實保障外資企業在要素獲取、資質許可、標準制定、政府采購等方面的國民待遇。加強外資企業服務保障，加快標志性項目落地，持續打造“投資中國”品牌。推動自貿試驗區提質增效和擴大改革任務授權，加緊推進海南自由貿易港核心政策落地，完善經開區開放發展政策，促進綜合保稅區轉型升級。持續營造市場化、法治化、國際化一流營商環境，讓外資企業更好發展。 | We will vigorously encourage foreign investment. We will promote comprehensive trials and demonstrations for expanding opening up of the service sector. We will open internet-related, cultural, and other sectors in a well-regulated way and expand trials to open sectors such as telecommunications, medical services, and education. We will encourage foreign investors to increase their reinvestment in China and support them in collaborating with upstream and downstream enterprises in industrial chains. We will ensure national treatment for foreign-funded enterprises in fields such as access to production factors, license application, standards setting, and government procurement. Foreign investors will receive better services and support, and the launch of landmark investment projects will be expedited. These efforts will help make China a favored destination for foreign investment. We will enhance the quality and performance of pilot free trade zones and grant them more powers to pursue reforms. We will step up the implementation of core policies for the Hainan Free Trade Port, improve opening up and development policies for economic development zones, and promote the transformation and upgrading of integrated bonded areas. We will keep working to foster a first-rate business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized, thus enabling foreign-funded enterprises to achieve even greater business success in China. | |
推動高質量共建“一帶一路”走深走實。統籌推進重大標志性工程和“小而美”民生項目建設，形成一批示范性合作成果。保障中歐班列穩定暢通運行，加快西部陸海新通道建設。引導對外投資健康安全有序發展，強化法律、金融、物流等海外綜合服務，優化產業鏈供應鏈國際合作布局。 | We will strive for solid progress in pursuing high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. We will advance both major signature projects and "small and beautiful” public wellbeing projects and produce a number of exemplary cooperative project deliverables. We will ensure the stable and smooth operation of China-Europe freight trains and accelerate the development of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor. We will guide the sound, secure, and orderly growth of outbound investment, strengthen comprehensive overseas services, including legal, financial, and logistics support, and improve the layout of international cooperation in industrial and supply chains. | |
深化多雙邊和區域經濟合作。持續擴大面向全球的高標準自由貿易區網絡，推動簽署中國－東盟自貿區3.0版升級協定，積極推動加入《數字經濟伙伴關系協定》和《全面與進步跨太平洋伙伴關系協定》進程。堅定維護以世界貿易組織為核心的多邊貿易體制，擴大同各國利益的匯合點，促進共同發展。 | We will deepen multilateral, bilateral, and regional economic cooperation. We will continue to expand our globally-oriented network of high-standard free trade areas. We will work for the signing of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 Upgrade Protocol and speed up the process of seeking to join the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. We will resolutely safeguard the WTO-centered multilateral trading system, broaden converging interests with other countries, and promote shared development. | |
（六）有效防范化解重點領域風險，牢牢守住不發生系統性風險底線。更好統籌發展和安全，堅持在發展中逐步化解風險，努力實現高質量發展和高水平安全的良性互動。 | 6. Effectively preventing and defusing risks in key areas and ensuring that no systemic risks arise To ensure both development and security, we will continue to defuse risks step by step in the course of pursuing development and work for positive interactions between high-quality development and greater security. | |
持續用力推動房地產市場止跌回穩。因城施策調減限制性措施，加力實施城中村和危舊房改造，充分釋放剛性和改善性住房需求潛力。優化城市空間結構和土地利用方式，合理控制新增房地產用地供應。盤活存量用地和商辦用房，推進收購存量商品房，在收購主體、價格和用途方面給予城市政府更大自主權。拓寬保障性住房再貸款使用范圍。發揮房地產融資協調機制作用，繼續做好保交房工作，有效防范房企債務違約風險。有序搭建相關基礎性制度，加快構建房地產發展新模式。適應人民群眾高品質居住需要，完善標準規范，推動建設安全、舒適、綠色、智慧的“好房子”。 | We will make continued efforts to stem the downturn and restore stability in the real estate market. We will introduce city-specific policies on adjusting or reducing property transaction restrictions. We will intensify efforts to redevelop urban villages and renovate old and dilapidated houses. We will fully tap into potential demand for first homes and better housing. We will optimize urban spatial structures and land use practices and properly control the supply of new land for real estate projects. We will make good use of existing land resources as well as commercial and office properties and facilitate the purchase of commodity housing stock. Governments in cities will be granted greater power to determine the types of entities that can make such purchases, the prices of such properties, and the purposes for which they will be used. We will expand the scope for using the relending facility for government-subsidized housing. We will leverage real estate financing coordination mechanisms to ensure timely delivery of housing projects and effectively prevent debt defaults by real estate companies. Foundational systems will be established in a well-ordered way to foster a new development model for the real estate sector. To meet people's demand for high-quality housing, we will improve the standards and regulations on building quality homes that are safe, comfortable, eco-friendly, and smart. | |
穩妥化解地方政府債務風險。堅持在發展中化債、在化債中發展，完善和落實一攬子化債方案，優化考核和管控措施，動態調整債務高風險地區名單，支持打開新的投資空間。按照科學分類、精準置換的原則，做好地方政府隱性債務置換工作。完善政府債務管理制度，堅決遏制違規舉債沖動。加快剝離地方融資平臺政府融資功能，推動市場化轉型和債務風險化解。 | We will take prudent steps to defuse local government debt risks. We will continue to defuse debt risks in the course of development and pursue development in a debt risk-defused environment. To this end, we will improve and implement a package of measures to defuse debt risks. We will refine evaluation and control measures and make timely adjustments to the list of localities with high debt risks to support the creation of new space for investment. Categorized and targeted measures will be taken to effectively replace the hidden debts of local governments. Government debt management will be improved to curb rash borrowing in breach of regulations. We will move faster to remove government financing functions from local financing platforms and press ahead with market-oriented transformation of these platforms and the defusing of their debt risks. | |
積極防范金融領域風險。按照市場化、法治化原則，一體推進地方中小金融機構風險處置和轉型發展，綜合采取補充資本金、兼并重組、市場退出等方式分類化解風險。完善中小金融機構功能定位和治理機制，推動實現差異化、內涵式發展。健全金融監管體系，加強跨部門合作，強化央地監管協同，保持對非法金融活動的高壓嚴打態勢。充實存款保險基金、金融穩定保障基金等化險資源。完善應對外部風險沖擊預案，有效維護金融安全穩定。 | We will guard against financial risks. We will make coordinated efforts to address risks in small and medium local financial institutions and promote their transformation through market- and law-based means. We will take integrated approaches, including capital replenishment, mergers and reorganizations, and market exit mechanisms, to defuse risks on a categorized basis. The functions of small and medium financial institutions and their governance will be refined to facilitate their differentiated development and unlock their full potential. We will improve the financial regulation system, strengthen cooperation between different departments and coordination between the central and local levels, and maintain a tough stance against illegal financial activities. We will replenish the deposit insurance fund, the financial stability fund, and other resources that aim to defuse financial risks. We will improve contingency plans for handling external shocks so as to effectively safeguard financial security and stability. | |
（七）著力抓好“三農”工作，深入推進鄉村全面振興。堅持農業農村優先發展，學習運用“千萬工程”經驗，完善強農惠農富農支持制度，千方百計推動農業增效益、農村增活力、農民增收入。 | 7. Making every effort to deliver in work relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents and taking solid steps to advance all-around rural revitalization Continuing to prioritize agricultural and rural development, we will learn from and apply the experience gained from the Green Rural Revival Program in Zhejiang Province and improve supporting systems for strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers, and enriching rural areas. We will adopt all means necessary to raise agricultural returns, invigorate rural development, and increase rural incomes. | |
持續增強糧食等重要農產品穩產保供能力。穩定糧食播種面積，主攻單產和品質提升。鞏固大豆擴種成果，開發挖掘油料擴產潛力。推動棉糖膠等穩產提質。扶持畜牧業、漁業穩定發展，支持發展現代設施農業，全方位開發食物資源。嚴守耕地紅線，嚴格占補平衡管理。高質量推進高標準農田建設、管護、利用，加強農田水利設施和現代化灌區建設，推進退化耕地治理和撂荒地復墾。深入實施種業振興行動。加快先進適用農機裝備研發應用和農業科技成果大面積推廣。綜合施策推動糧食等重要農產品價格保持在合理水平。啟動中央統籌下的糧食產銷區省際橫向利益補償，加大對產糧大縣支持，保護種糧農民和糧食主產區積極性。各地區都要扛穩保障國家糧食安全責任，共同把飯碗端得更牢。 | We will continue to improve our capacity for ensuring stable production and supply of grains and other major agricultural products. Grain acreage will be kept stable, and more efforts will be put into improving per unit crop yield and the quality of grains. We will consolidate the increase in soybean acreage and tap the potential for expanding the cultivation of other oilseed crops. We will ensure that the output of major agricultural products, such as cotton, sugar crops, and natural rubber, remains stable and their quality improves. We will support the steady growth of the livestock and fishery industries as well as the development of modern protected agriculture and develop food resources in an all-around way. To ensure that the total area of China's farmland remains above the specified red line, we must exercise strict management over the process of offsetting cultivated land that has been put to other uses. We will advance the high-quality development, management, protection, and utilization of high-standard cropland, step up the construction of irrigation and water conservancy facilities and the building of modern irrigation areas, and promote the restoration of degraded arable land and reclamation of abandoned farmland. Initiatives will be taken to invigorate the seed industry. We will accelerate the R&D and application of advanced, appropriate agricultural machinery and equipment and the large-scale application of advances in agricultural science and technology. We will make comprehensive moves to keep the prices of grains and other major agricultural products at a reasonable level, launch the inter-provincial mechanism for major grain-purchasing areas to compensate major grain-producing areas under the overall planning of the central government, and give greater support to major grain-producing counties, so as to keep farmers and major grain-producing areas motivated. All localities must shoulder their share of responsibility for ensuring China's food security and make concerted efforts to see that our country's food supply remains firmly in our own hands. | |
毫不松懈鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅成果。提高監測幫扶效能，持續鞏固提升“三保障”和飲水安全成果，確保不發生規模性返貧致貧。加強易地搬遷后續扶持，分類推進幫扶產業提質增效，加大就業幫扶力度，擴大以工代賑規模。深化東西部協作、定點幫扶、消費幫扶。健全脫貧攻堅國家投入形成資產的長效管理機制。統籌建立農村防止返貧致貧機制和低收入人口、欠發達地區分層分類幫扶制度，開展鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅成果同鄉村振興有效銜接總體評估，完善過渡期后幫扶政策體系。 | We will keep working to consolidate and build on our achievements in poverty alleviation. By improving the efficacy of monitoring and assistance, we will build on the progress achieved in ensuring access to compulsory education, basic medical services, safe housing, and safe drinking water for people lifted out of poverty, in order to prevent any large-scale relapse into or occurrence of poverty. Greater follow-up support will be given to people relocated from inhospitable areas and tailored assistance will be provided to improve the performance of local industries. We will also ramp up employment support and expand the scope of work-relief policies. We will advance east-west cooperation and targeted assistance and launch initiatives to encourage purchases of products from less developed areas. The long-term mechanisms for managing assets formed with government inputs during poverty alleviation will be improved. We will make coordinated efforts to establish mechanisms for preventing any relapse into or occurrence of poverty in rural areas and provide multi-tiered, categorized assistance for low-income rural residents and underdeveloped areas. An overall assessment will be made to evaluate whether efforts to consolidate and expand poverty alleviation achievements effectively help boost rural revitalization, with a view to refining assistance policies for the post-transition period. | |
扎實推進農村改革發展。鞏固和完善農村基本經營制度，有序推進第二輪土地承包到期后再延長30年試點，擴大整省試點范圍。完善承包地經營權流轉價格形成機制，提高農業社會化服務質效。支持發展新型農村集體經濟。創新鄉村振興投融資機制。壯大鄉村人才隊伍。深化集體林權、農墾、供銷社、農業水價等改革。因地制宜推動興業、強縣、富民一體發展，做好“土特產”文章，發展林下經濟，促進鄉村特色產業延鏈增效、聯農帶農，拓寬農民增收渠道。加強文明鄉風建設，豐富農民文化生活，推進農村移風易俗。持續改善農村基礎設施、公共服務和人居環境，建設宜居宜業和美鄉村。 | We will take solid steps to advance rural reform and development. We will consolidate and improve the basic rural operation system, advance in an orderly way trials on extending rural land contracts by another 30 years upon the expiration of the current second-round contracts, and scale up province-wide trials for this purpose. We will refine the pricing mechanism for the transfer of contracted land management rights and improve the quality and performance of commercial agricultural services. We will support the development of new types of rural collective economies. New investment and financing mechanisms will be created for rural revitalization, and more professional personnel will be fostered in rural areas. We will push forward with reforms on collective forest tenure, state farms, supply and marketing cooperatives, as well as agricultural water pricing. We will promote integrated advancements in developing rural industries, invigorating counties, and raising rural living standards in light of local conditions. We will take effective steps to develop local specialties and industries and boost development of the non-timber forest-based economy. We will also back rural industries with distinctive features to extend their industrial chains, increase returns, and recruit and benefit more rural residents, thus expanding the channels for increasing rural incomes. We will enhance social etiquette and civility, enrich cultural activities, and promote new social mores in rural areas. We will continue to improve infrastructure, public services, and the living environment in rural areas to build a beautiful and harmonious countryside for people to live and work in. | |
（八）推進新型城鎮化和區域協調發展，進一步優化發展空間格局。完善實施區域協調發展戰略機制，堅持以人為本提高城鎮化質量水平，構建優勢互補的區域經濟布局和國土空間體系。 | 8. Advancing new urbanization and coordinated regional development and further improving the spatial layout of development We will refine the mechanisms for implementing the coordinated regional development strategy, take a people-centered approach to promoting higher-quality urbanization, and foster a regional economic layout and a territorial space system featuring complementarity between different regions and territorial spaces. | |
深入實施新型城鎮化戰略行動。科學有序推進農業轉移人口市民化，全面推進常住地提供基本公共服務，強化隨遷子女義務教育保障，推動將符合條件的農業轉移人口納入住房保障體系，暢通參加社會保險渠道。加快補齊縣城基礎設施和公共服務短板，大力發展縣域經濟，提高城鄉規劃、建設、治理融合水平。發展現代化都市圈、優化空間格局，提升超大特大城市現代化治理水平，促進大中小城市和小城鎮協調發展。持續推進城市更新和城鎮老舊小區改造，統籌城市低效用地再開發，加快健全城市防洪排澇體系，加強燃氣、給排水、熱力、地下管廊等建設和協同管理。發展數字化、智能化基礎設施，完善無障礙適老化配套設施，提升社區綜合服務功能，打造宜居、韌性、智慧城市。 | We will advance strategic initiatives for new urbanization. We will take well-conceived and systematic measures to grant permanent urban residency to people moving to cities from rural areas. Moreover, we will ensure that they have full access to basic public services in their place of permanent residence; and we will intensify support to see that children living with them receive compulsory education in cities. We will also enable those eligible to join the housing support system and see that they have smooth access to social security programs. We will accelerate efforts to shore up weak links in infrastructure and public services in county seats, boost the development of county economies, and work for greater urban-rural integration in terms of planning, development, and governance. We will foster modern metropolitan areas and optimize their spatial layouts, modernize the governance of super-large and mega cities, and promote coordinated development among cities of different sizes and small towns. We will make steady progress in urban renewal schemes and the renovation of old urban residential compounds. We will advance coordinated redevelopment of inefficiently used urban land, accelerate work to improve flood prevention and drainage systems in cities, and step up construction and coordinated management of utilities including gas, water supply, drainage, and heating, along with underground utility tunnels. We will build digital and smart infrastructure, improve barrier-free and age-friendly facilities, and see that comprehensive public services are better provided in communities, so as to build livable, resilient, and smart cities. | |
加大區域戰略實施力度。發揮區域協調發展戰略、區域重大戰略、主體功能區戰略的疊加效應，積極培育新的增長極。深入實施西部大開發、東北全面振興、中部地區加快崛起、東部地區加快推進現代化等戰略。提升京津冀、長三角、粵港澳大灣區等經濟發展優勢區域的創新能力和輻射帶動作用。深入推動長江經濟帶建設、黃河流域生態保護和高質量發展。支持經濟大省挑大梁，在要素保障、科技創新、改革開放先行先試等方面制定支持政策。鼓勵其他地區因地制宜、各展所長。高標準高質量推進雄安新區建設。推動成渝地區雙城經濟圈建設走深走實。深化東、中、西、東北地區產業協作，推動產業有序梯度轉移。支持革命老區、民族地區加快發展，加強邊疆地區建設，推進興邊富民、穩邊固邊。積極探索資源型地區轉型發展新路徑。大力發展海洋經濟，建設全國海洋經濟發展示范區。 | We will redouble efforts to implement regional strategies. We will create greater synergy between the coordinated regional development strategy, major regional strategies, and the functional zoning strategy, so as to foster new growth poles. We will press ahead with the strategies for large-scale development of the western region, full revitalization of the Northeast, accelerated rise of the central region, and faster modernization of the eastern region. We will boost the capacity for innovation of economically developed regions, such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and see that they play a stronger role in driving the growth of surrounding areas. We will also make new advances in the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin. We will support major provincial economies in assuming greater responsibility. To this end, we will work out supporting policies including those for ensuring supply of production factors, scientific and technological innovation, and trials of reform and opening up. Other regions will be encouraged to fully tap into their local conditions and distinctive strengths in pursuing development. We will move forward with high-standard, high-quality development of the Xiong'an New Area and take solid steps to develop the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone. We will promote deeper industrial collaboration between eastern, central, western, and northeastern regions as well as the orderly, gradual relocation of industries. We will support old revolutionary base areas and areas with large ethnic minority populations in accelerating development. We will promote the development of border areas by boosting local economies, raising living standards, and ensuring stability and security along the border. New avenues will be explored for resource-dependent areas to transform their growth models. A major push will be made to develop the marine economy and national demonstration zones will be established for this purpose. | |
（九）協同推進降碳減污擴綠增長，加快經濟社會發展全面綠色轉型。進一步深化生態文明體制改革，統籌產業結構調整、污染治理、生態保護、應對氣候變化，推進生態優先、節約集約、綠色低碳發展。 | 9. Making coordinated efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, pursue green development, and boost economic growth and accelerating the green transition in all areas of economic and social development We will further deepen structural reform in ecological conservation and coordinate initiatives for industrial restructuring, pollution control, ecological conservation, and climate change response. We will continue to prioritize ecological protection, conserve resources and use them efficiently, and pursue green and low-carbon development. | |
加強污染防治和生態建設。持續深入推進藍天、碧水、凈土保衛戰。制定固體廢物綜合治理行動計劃，加強新污染物協同治理和環境風險管控。深入實施生態環境分區管控，統籌推進山水林田湖草沙一體化保護和系統治理，全面推進以國家公園為主體的自然保護地體系建設，推動“三北”工程標志性戰役取得重要成果。實施生物多樣性保護重大工程，堅定推進長江十年禁漁。健全生態保護補償和生態產品價值實現機制。積極推進美麗中國先行區建設，不斷滿足人民群眾對良好生態環境新期待。 | We will enhance pollution prevention and control and ecological conservation. We will continue our drive to keep the skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean. We will formulate an action plan for the comprehensive treatment of solid waste, better coordinate the treatment of new pollutants, and strengthen control of environmental risks. We will continue to exercise region-specific environmental management and take a holistic and systematic approach to the protection and conservation of mountain, water, forest, farmland, grassland, and desert ecosystems. We will make comprehensive efforts to develop the national park-based system of protected areas and strive for major progress in the landmark projects for the national shelterbelt program in northwest, north, and northeast China. Major biodiversity conservation programs will be initiated, and the 10-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River will be rigorously enforced. We will improve the system of compensation for ecological conservation and the mechanisms for realizing the market value of ecosystem goods and services. We will continue to develop pilot zones under the Beautiful China Initiative and keep working to meet people's expectation for a healthy environment. | |
加快發展綠色低碳經濟。完善支持綠色低碳發展的政策和標準體系，營造綠色低碳產業健康發展生態。深入實施綠色低碳先進技術示范工程，培育綠色建筑、綠色能源、綠色交通等新增長點。完善資源總量管理和全面節約制度，加強重點用能用水單位節能節水管理，有力有效管控高耗能項目。加強廢棄物循環利用，大力推廣再生材料使用，促進循環經濟發展。健全綠色消費激勵機制，推動形成綠色低碳的生產方式和生活方式。 | We will accelerate development of the green and low-carbon economy. We will refine the policies and standards supporting green and low-carbon development and foster a sound environment for the development of green and low-carbon industries. We will carry out demonstration programs for the latest green and low-carbon technologies and foster new growth drivers such as green buildings, green energy, and green transportation. We will improve the systems for total resource consumption control and comprehensive resource conservation, enhance conservation management for major energy and water consumers, and exercise tight, effective regulation over energy-intensive projects. We will step up recycling of waste and used materials and expand the use of renewable materials to boost the circular economy. Incentives for eco-friendly consumption will be boosted to promote green and low-carbon ways of production and life. | |
積極穩妥推進碳達峰碳中和。扎實開展國家碳達峰第二批試點，建立一批零碳園區、零碳工廠。加快構建碳排放雙控制度體系，擴大全國碳排放權交易市場行業覆蓋范圍。開展碳排放統計核算，建立產品碳足跡管理體系、碳標識認證制度，積極應對綠色貿易壁壘。加快建設“沙戈荒”新能源基地，發展海上風電，統籌就地消納和外送通道建設。開展煤電低碳化改造試點示范。規劃應對氣候變化一攬子重大工程，積極參與和引領全球環境與氣候治理。 | We will actively and prudently work toward peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. We will steadily advance the second batch of trials for peaking carbon emissions and establish a group of zero-carbon industrial parks and factories. We will speed up the establishment of a framework for controlling the total amount and intensity of carbon emissions and expand the coverage of the China Carbon Emission Trade Exchange to more sectors. We will launch carbon emissions statistics and accounting initiatives, develop systems for carbon footprint management and carbon labeling and certification, and take active steps to respond to green trade barriers. We will accelerate the construction of new energy bases in desert areas, the Gobi, and other arid areas, develop offshore wind farms, and promote both the integration of renewable energy into local grids and the construction of transmission routes. Low-carbon upgrade trials will be launched in coal-fired power plants. We will develop a package of major projects for climate change response and actively engage in and steer global environmental and climate governance. | |
（十）加大保障和改善民生力度，提升社會治理效能。加強普惠性、基礎性、兜底性民生建設，穩步提高公共服務和社會保障水平，促進社會和諧穩定，不斷增強人民群眾獲得感幸福感安全感。 | 10. Working harder to ensure and improve the people's wellbeing and enhancing social governance We must ensure that public services are inclusive, meet essential needs, and provide a cushion for those most in need. We will steadily improve public services and social security, promote social harmony and stability, and see that our people have a growing sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security. | |
更大力度穩定和擴大就業。就業是民生之本。要完善就業優先政策，加大各類資金資源統籌支持力度，促進充分就業、提高就業質量。實施重點領域、重點行業、城鄉基層和中小微企業就業支持計劃，用足用好穩崗返還、稅費減免、就業補貼等政策。支持勞動密集型產業吸納和穩定就業，統籌好新技術應用和崗位轉換，創造新的就業機會。優化就業創業服務，拓寬高校畢業生等青年就業創業渠道，做好退役軍人安置和就業服務，促進脫貧人口、農民工就業，強化大齡、殘疾、較長時間失業等就業困難群體幫扶。加強靈活就業和新就業形態勞動者權益保障，推進擴大職業傷害保障試點。切實保障勞動者工資發放，清理整治欠薪，堅決糾正各類就業歧視。開展大規模職業技能提升培訓行動，增加制造業、服務業緊缺技能人才供給。加快構建技能導向的薪酬分配制度，提高技能人才待遇水平，讓多勞者多得、技高者多得、創新者多得。 | We will redouble efforts to stabilize and expand employment. Employment is crucial to the people's wellbeing. Keeping this in mind, we will further refine the employment-first policy and make better use of various types of funds and resources to provide stronger support. This will help promote full and higher-quality employment. We will fully leverage all relevant policies, including unemployment insurance premium refunds, tax and fee cuts, and employment subsidies, to carry out employment support plans targeted at key areas and industries, urban and rural communities, and micro, small, and medium enterprises. We will support labor-intensive industries in creating jobs and stabilizing employment and strike a balance between the application of new technologies and job relocation for employees. This will help create new job opportunities. We will improve services to facilitate employment and entrepreneurship. We will expand the employment and business start-up channels for college graduates and other young people, help ex-service members get resettled and employed, ensure employment for rural migrant workers and people lifted out of poverty, and increase assistance for people facing difficulties in finding jobs, such as older jobseekers, people with disabilities, and the long-term unemployed. We will better protect the rights and interests of people in flexible employment and new forms of employment and expand trials of occupational injury insurance. We will take effective steps to ensure the payment of wages and the settlement of all unpaid wages and rectify all forms of discrimination in the workplace. We will carry out large-scale plans for upgrading vocational skills to increase the supply of highly-skilled personnel urgently needed in the manufacturing and service sectors. We will move faster to develop a skills-based pay system to see that skilled workers get better paid. In short, we will ensure better pay for those with a commitment to hard work, an outstanding skill set, and a dedication to innovation. | |
強化基本醫療衛生服務。實施健康優先發展戰略，促進醫療、醫保、醫藥協同發展和治理。深化以公益性為導向的公立醫院改革，推進編制動態調整，建立以醫療服務為主導的收費機制，完善薪酬制度，優化績效考核。改善病房和診療條件，以患者為中心持續改善醫療服務。促進優質醫療資源擴容下沉和區域均衡布局，實施醫療衛生強基工程。加強護理、兒科、病理、全科、老年醫學專業隊伍建設，完善精神衛生服務體系。優化藥品和耗材集采政策，強化質量評估和監管，讓人民群眾用藥更放心。健全藥品價格形成機制，制定創新藥目錄，支持創新藥和醫療器械發展。完善中醫藥傳承創新發展機制，推動中醫藥事業和產業高質量發展。加強疾病預防控制體系建設，統籌做好重點傳染病防控。居民醫保和基本公共衛生服務經費人均財政補助標準分別再提高30元和5元。穩步推動基本醫療保險省級統籌，健全基本醫療保險籌資和待遇調整機制，深化醫保支付方式改革，促進分級診療。全面建立藥品耗材追溯機制，嚴格醫保基金監管，讓每一分錢都用于增進人民健康福祉。 | We will strengthen basic medical and health services. Under the health-first strategy, we will promote coordinated development and governance of medical services, medical insurance, and pharmaceuticals. We will continue to deepen the reform of public hospitals to see that they better serve the public interest, promoting dynamic staffing adjustments, establishing mechanisms to ensure that medical charges are primarily based on medical services, improving the remuneration system, and optimizing performance evaluation. We will improve the conditions for hospital wards, diagnosis, and treatment and continue to improve medical services with a patient-centered approach. We will increase the supply of quality medical resources, channel them toward the community level, and ensure a more balanced distribution among regions. We will implement projects to strengthen the foundations of medical and health care. Greater efforts will be made to train medical personnel in nursing, pediatrics, pathology, general practice, and geriatrics. Mental health services will be improved. We will refine the policy for centralized procurement of medicines and medical consumables and enhance quality evaluations and oversight to ensure that our people have full confidence in the medication they use. We will also improve pricing mechanisms for medicines, draw up a medical insurance catalog for innovative drugs, and support the development of innovative drugs and medical devices. We will refine the mechanisms for the preservation and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and promote high-quality development of TCM programs and industries. We will enhance the systems for disease prevention and control and make coordinated efforts to prevent and control major infectious diseases. Government subsidies for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be raised by a further 30 yuan per person, and subsidiees for basic public health services will be increased by 5 yuan per person. We will steadily advance the unified management of basic medical insurance funds at the provincial level and improve mechanisms for financing and adjusting benefits for basic medical insurance. We will further reform medical insurance payment models and promote tiered diagnosis and treatment. We will build comprehensive tracing mechanisms for drugs and medical consumables and step up supervision over medical insurance funds to see that every cent is spent on improving the people's health and wellbeing. | |
完善社會保障和服務政策。城鄉居民基礎養老金最低標準再提高20元，適當提高退休人員基本養老金。加快發展第三支柱養老保險，實施好個人養老金制度。積極應對人口老齡化，完善發展養老事業和養老產業政策機制，大力發展銀發經濟。加快發展智慧養老。推進社區支持的居家養老，強化失能老年人照護，加大對老年助餐服務、康復輔助器具購置和租賃支持力度，擴大普惠養老服務，推動農村養老服務發展。加快建立長期護理保險制度。制定促進生育政策，發放育兒補貼，大力發展托幼一體服務，增加普惠托育服務供給。穩妥實施漸進式延遲法定退休年齡改革。做好軍人軍屬、退役軍人和其他優撫對象優待撫恤工作。加強困境兒童、流動兒童和留守兒童關愛服務。做好重度殘疾人托養照護服務，提升殘疾預防和康復服務水平。加強低收入人口動態監測和常態化救助幫扶，完善分層分類社會救助體系，保障困難群眾基本生活。 | We will improve policies on social security and services. We will raise the minimum basic old-age benefits for rural and non-working urban residents by 20 yuan and make an appropriate increase in the basic pension benefits for retirees. We will accelerate the development of third-pillar pension plans and implement the private pension system. To actively respond to population aging, we will refine policies and mechanisms for developing elderly care programs and industries and vigorously develop the silver economy. We will accelerate the development of smart elderly care and advance community-supported at-home elderly care services. More care will be provided to functionally impaired elderly persons, and more support will be given for providing assisted catering services for the elderly and for the purchase and rental of assistive rehabilitation devices. We will expand public-interest elderly care services and strengthen elderly care services in rural areas. Faster progress will be made toward instituting insurance schemes for long-term care. We will formulate policies on boosting birth rates, provide childcare subsidies, vigorously develop integrated nursery and childcare services, and increase public-interest childcare services. We will prudently advance the reform to gradually raise the statutory retirement age. We will see that service members and their families, ex-service members, and other entitled groups receive benefits and subsidies they are entitled to. We will strengthen care and services for children in need, left-behind children in rural areas, and children who live with their migrant-worker parents. We will ensure adequate care for people with severe disabilities and improve disability prevention and rehabilitation services. We will strengthen ongoing monitoring and regular assistance for low-income groups and improve the multi-tiered and categorized social assistance system to see that the basic needs of people in difficulty are met. | |
加強精神文明建設。完善培育和踐行社會主義核心價值觀制度機制，推進群眾性精神文明創建和公民道德建設。發展哲學社會科學、新聞出版、廣播影視、文學藝術和檔案等事業，加強智庫建設。深化全民閱讀活動。加強和改進未成年人思想道德建設。健全網絡生態治理長效機制，發展積極健康的網絡文化，推動新時代網絡強國建設。完善公共文化服務體系，推動優質文化資源直達基層。健全文化產業體系和市場體系，加快發展新型文化業態，大力發展旅游業。推進文化遺產系統性保護，提升文物、非物質文化遺產保護利用和考古研究水平。擴大國際人文交流合作，全面提升國際傳播效能。改革完善競技體育管理體制和運行機制。辦好第十五屆全國運動會和第十二屆世界運動會。積極發展冰雪運動和冰雪經濟。推進群眾身邊的運動場地設施建設，廣泛開展全民健身活動。加強青少年科學健身普及和健康干預，讓年輕一代在運動中強意志、健身心。 | We will promote cultural-ethical advancement. We will enhance institutions and mechanisms for cultivating and practicing the core socialist values, carry out public initiatives for cultural-ethical advancement, and foster civic morality. We will develop philosophy and social sciences, the press and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art, and archiving, as well as other programs, and promote the development of think tanks. We will continue to foster a love of reading among the public and raise the intellectual and moral standards of minors. We will improve long-term mechanisms for cyberspace governance to foster a positive and healthy cyber culture and continue efforts to build a strong cyberspace sector in the new era. We will improve public cultural services and ensure more quality cultural resources are channeled directly to communities. We will refine the systems for cultural industries and markets, step up efforts to foster new forms of cultural business, and vigorously develop the tourism industry. We will promote systematic protection of cultural heritage and improve our ability to protect and utilize cultural artifacts and intangible cultural heritage and to carry out archaeological research. We will pursue broader international people-to-people exchanges and cooperation and make our international communication more effective. We will carry out reforms to refine the management systems and operating mechanisms for competitive sports. We will make good preparations for the 15th National Games and the World Games 2025. We will vigorously develop winter sports and the ice and snow economy. More sports venues and facilities will be built close to people's homes, and extensive public fitness activities will be promoted. We will do more to advocate science-informed exercise among young people and provide health intervention services for them. We will see that our young people can build willpower and stay physically and mentally healthy through sporting activities. | |
維護國家安全和社會穩定。全面貫徹總體國家安全觀，完善維護國家安全體制機制，推進國家安全體系和能力現代化。落實維護社會穩定責任制，加強公共安全治理，強化基層應急基礎和力量。深入實施安全生產治本攻堅三年行動，做好重點行業領域安全生產風險排查整治，堅決遏制重特大事故發生。嚴格食品藥品監管，抓好校園學生餐、平臺外賣安全監管。加強氣象服務。做好洪澇、干旱、臺風、森林草原火災、地質災害、地震等自然災害防范應對。做好西藏定日縣地震災后恢復重建，提高重點地區房屋、基礎設施抗震能力。健全城鄉基層治理體系，加強鄉鎮街道服務管理力量，提高市域社會治理能力。全面深化事業單位改革。引導支持社會組織、人道救助、志愿服務、公益慈善等健康發展。發揮好行業協會商會行業自律作用。保障婦女、兒童、老年人、殘疾人合法權益。堅持和發展新時代“楓橋經驗”，推進基層綜治中心規范化建設，持續推進信訪工作法治化，進一步加強社會矛盾和風險隱患排查，把矛盾糾紛化解在基層、化解在萌芽狀態。提升公共法律服務均衡性和可及性。健全社會心理服務體系和危機干預機制，培育自尊自信、理性平和、積極向上的社會心態。建設更高水平的平安中國，完善社會治安整體防控體系，依法嚴厲打擊黑惡勢力、電信網絡詐騙等違法犯罪活動，保障人民群眾安居樂業、社會安定有序。 | We will safeguard national security and social stability. We will fully apply a holistic approach to national security, improve institutions and mechanisms for safeguarding national security, and modernize China's national security system and capacity. We will enforce the responsibility systems for ensuring social stability, strengthen public security governance, and bolster ground-level emergency response infrastructure and capabilities. We will continue to advance the three-year drive to address the root causes of workplace accidents and ensure production safety. We will work harder to identify and defuse workplace safety risks in key sectors and areas, so as to resolutely prevent major and serious accidents. We will tighten up supervision over food and drugs. Oversight will also be enhanced to ensure safety of school meals and food delivery services. We will provide quality meteorological services and better guard against and respond to natural disasters including floods, droughts, typhoons, forest and grassland fires, geological disasters, and earthquakes. We will provide support for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction efforts in Dingri County, Xizang Autonomous Region, and work to ensure that residential buildings and infrastructure in key areas are more earthquake-resistant. We will improve urban and rural community governance, enhance the capacity of towns and townships as well as urban sub-districts to provide services and conduct management, and boost the social governance capacity of cities. We will deepen the reform of public institutions across the board. We will guide and support the sound development of social organizations, humanitarian assistance, volunteer services, public welfare, and charitable initiatives. We will see that industry associations and chambers of commerce ensure self-discipline in their industries. We will effectively protect the lawful rights and interests of women, children, senior citizens, and people with disabilities. We will apply and further develop the Fengqiao model for promoting community-level governance in the new era and facilitate well-regulated development of integrated governance centers in local communities. We will continue to promote law-based handling of public complaints and enhance efforts to identify social conflicts, risks, and potential dangers, so as to solve problems as they emerge at the community level. We will make public legal services more balanced and accessible. We will improve public psychological and counseling services and crisis intervention and work to cultivate self-esteem, self-confidence, rationality, composure, and optimism among the people. We will advance the Peaceful China Initiative to a higher level. We will improve the integrated systems for maintaining law and order and crack down hard on criminal gangs, telecom and online fraud, and other criminal activities in accordance with the law, so as to ensure that our people live and work in peace and contentment in a society of order and stability. | |
今年將開展“十五五”規劃編制工作。要深入分析“十五五”時期新的階段性特征，科學確定發展目標，謀劃好重大戰略任務、重大政策舉措、重大工程項目，更好發揮規劃對經濟社會發展的引領指導作用。 | We will begin formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan this year. We should make an in-depth analysis of new features defining the 15th Five-Year Plan period, set development targets through well-conceived steps, and carry out proper planning for major strategic tasks, policies, measures, and projects, so that the Plan will serve as an effective guide for China's economic and social development. | |
應對新挑戰、完成新任務，對政府工作提出新的更高要求。各級政府及其工作人員要深刻領悟“兩個確立”的決定性意義，增強“四個意識”、堅定“四個自信”、做到“兩個維護”，自覺在思想上政治上行動上同以習近平同志為核心的黨中央保持高度一致。堅決扛起全面從嚴治黨政治責任，深入貫徹中央八項規定精神，堅定不移推進政府黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。全面提升政府履職能力，確保黨中央決策部署不折不扣落實到位。 | New challenges and tasks call for better performance from the government. All of us in government at every level should acquire a deep understanding of the decisive significance of establishing Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and of establishing the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; be more conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership; stay confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; uphold Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and uphold the Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership; and closely follow the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in thinking, stance, and action. We will resolutely shoulder political responsibility for ensuring full and rigorous Party self-governance, fully implement the central Party leadership's eight-point decision on improving work conduct, and remain committed to improving Party conduct, building integrity, and combating corruption in the government. We will improve the capacity of the government to perform its duties in all areas and implement the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee to the letter. | |
加強法治政府建設。嚴格依照憲法法律履職盡責，推進政府機構、職能、權限、程序、責任法定化。自覺接受同級人大及其常委會的監督，自覺接受人民政協的民主監督，自覺接受社會和輿論監督。加強審計監督。堅持科學、民主、依法決策，加強政府立法審查，強化重大決策、規范性文件合法性審查。深化政務公開。推進嚴格規范公正文明執法，落實行政裁量權基準制度，健全維護群眾利益的制度機制。支持工會、共青團、婦聯等群團組織更好發揮作用。政府工作人員要恪盡職守、廉潔奉公，厲行法治、依法辦事，確保黨和人民賦予的權力始終用來為人民謀幸福。 | We will intensify efforts to build a law-based government. We will perform our duties in strict accordance with the Constitution and the law and ensure a sound legal footing for the institutions, functions, powers, procedures, and responsibilities of government. We will readily submit ourselves to the oversight of people's congresses and their standing committees at the corresponding level. We will readily accept democratic oversight from the CPPCC and readily place ourselves under public oversight and oversight through public opinion. Audit-based oversight will also be strengthened. With a commitment to sound, democratic, and law-based decision-making, we will conduct a more thorough review of the legislative work of the government and improve legality review for major decisions and normative documents. We will make government affairs more transparent. More efforts will be made to see that the law is enforced in a strict, procedure-based, impartial, and non-abusive way. Standards on administrative discretion will be implemented, and institutions and mechanisms will be improved to protect the people's interests. We will support trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women's federations, and other people's organizations in better playing their roles. All of us in government must perform our duties, be upright and devoted, respect the rule of law, and act in accordance with the law, so as to ensure that the power granted to us by the Party and the people is always exercised for the wellbeing of the people. | |
提升行政效能和水平。堅持求真務實，從實際出發解決問題。善于把黨中央決策部署與自身實際結合起來，謀劃牽引性、撬動性強的工作抓手和載體，提高創造性貫徹落實能力。加快數字政府建設，健全“高效辦成一件事”重點事項清單管理和常態化推進機制，完善覆蓋全國的一體化在線政務服務平臺。強化正向激勵，完善考核評價體系，持續整治形式主義為基層減負，切實把面向基層的多頭重復、指標細碎、方式繁瑣的督查檢查考核減下來，讓廣大干部把更多時間和精力用到干實事上。各級政府工作人員要堅持干字當頭、腳踏實地，創造更多經得起歷史和人民檢驗的發展業績。 | We will improve government efficiency and performance. We will adopt a realistic and pragmatic approach and solve problems based on actual conditions. We will align our practical work with efforts to implement the Party Central Committee's decisions and plans, develop strong drivers and levers in our work, and improve our ability to implement policies creatively. We will accelerate the development of a digital government and improve the mechanism for list-based management of major matters covered by one-stop government services as well as the mechanism for ensuring ongoing progress. We will also refine the integrated national online platform for government services. Stronger incentives will be introduced, and performance evaluation will be improved. We will continue to rectify pointless formalities and effectively reduce the burden on those working on the ground by cutting repetitive, fragmented, and cumbersome assessments as well as inspections and examinations they have to face. This will ensure that they can devote more time and energy to getting their jobs done. We in government at every level must work hard in a down-to-earth manner and deliver more outcomes in pursuing development that stand the test of time and win the people's approval. | |
我們要以鑄牢中華民族共同體意識為主線，推進中華民族共同體建設，堅持和完善民族區域自治制度，不斷推進民族團結進步事業，加快民族地區現代化建設步伐。堅持黨的宗教工作基本方針，系統推進我國宗教中國化，加強宗教事務治理法治化。完善僑務工作機制，維護海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷合法權益，匯聚海內外中華兒女共創輝煌的強大力量。 | We will focus on forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and strive to build the community of the Chinese nation. We will uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, promote ethnic solidarity and progress, and speed up the modernization drive in areas with large ethnic minority populations. We will adhere to the Party's basic policy on religious affairs, make systematic efforts to ensure that religions in China are Chinese in orientation, and ensure law-based management of religious affairs. We will refine mechanisms for work related to overseas Chinese and protect the lawful rights and interests of Chinese nationals residing abroad as well as returned overseas Chinese and their families in China. These efforts will help forge a powerful force for all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, both at home and abroad, to work together for great achievements. | |
過去一年，國防和軍隊建設取得新的重要進展。新的一年，我們要深入貫徹習近平強軍思想，貫徹新時代軍事戰略方針，堅持黨對人民軍隊的絕對領導，全面深入貫徹軍委主席負責制，持續深化政治整訓，全力打好實現建軍一百年奮斗目標攻堅戰。深入推進練兵備戰，加快發展新質戰斗力，構建中國特色現代軍事理論體系，堅定捍衛國家主權、安全、發展利益。抓好軍隊建設“十四五”規劃收官，加緊實施國防發展重大工程，加快推進網絡信息體系建設。協力推進跨軍地改革，優化國防科技工業體系和布局，健全一體化國家戰略體系和能力建設工作機制。加強國防教育、國防動員和后備力量建設。各級政府要大力支持國防和軍隊建設，完善雙擁工作機制，鞏固和發展堅如磐石的軍政軍民團結。 | Last year, we made major new progress in national defense and military development. This year, we will continue to apply Xi Jinping Thought on Strengthening the Military and implement the military strategy for the new era. We will stay committed to the Party's absolute leadership over the people's armed forces, thoroughly implement the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission, continue improving political conduct of the military, and make all-out efforts to achieve major advances toward the centenary goal of the People's Liberation Army. We will step up military training and combat readiness, speed up the development of new combat capabilities, and establish a framework of modern military theories with Chinese characteristics, so as to firmly safeguard China's sovereignty, security, and development interests. We will complete the tasks laid down in the 14th Five-Year Plan for strengthening the military, intensify the implementation of major defense-related projects, and move faster to develop the network information system. We will make coordinated efforts to promote military-civilian reforms, refine the framework and layout of defense-related science, technology, and industries, and improve the working mechanisms for developing integrated national strategies and strategic capabilities. We will raise public awareness concerning national defense and strengthen national defense mobilization and readiness of reserve forces. We in government at every level will provide strong support for the development of national defense and the armed forces and refine the mechanisms for strengthening mutual support between civilian sectors and the military, so as to consolidate and strengthen the rock-solid unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people. | |
我們要全面準確、堅定不移貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，維護憲法和基本法確定的特別行政區憲制秩序，落實“愛國者治港”、“愛國者治澳”原則。支持香港、澳門發展經濟、改善民生，深化國際交往合作，更好融入國家發展大局，保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩定。 | We will fully, faithfully, and resolutely implement the policy of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong and the people of Macao administer Macao, both with a high degree of autonomy. We will uphold constitutional order in the two special administrative regions as stipulated in China's Constitution and in the basic laws of both regions and see that Hong Kong and Macao are administered by patriots. We will support Hong Kong and Macao in growing their economies, improving the lives of their people, and deepening international exchanges and cooperation. We will ensure that Hong Kong and Macao better integrate themselves into China's overall development and maintain long-term prosperity and stability. | |
我們要堅持貫徹新時代黨解決臺灣問題的總體方略，堅持一個中國原則和“九二共識”，堅決反對“臺獨”分裂和外部勢力干涉，推動兩岸關系和平發展。完善促進兩岸經濟文化交流合作制度和政策，深化兩岸融合發展，增進兩岸同胞福祉，堅定不移推進祖國統一大業，攜手共創民族復興偉業。 | We will implement the Party's overall policy for the new era on resolving the Taiwan question. We will stay committed to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus and resolutely oppose separatist activities aimed at "Taiwan independence” and external interference, so as to promote the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations. We will improve institutions and policies for promoting economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation across the Taiwan Strait and advance integrated cross-Strait development to improve the wellbeing of Chinese people on both sides. We will firmly advance the cause of China's reunification and work with our fellow Chinese in Taiwan to realize the glorious cause of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. | |
我們要堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，堅持走和平發展道路，堅定奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，反對霸權主義和強權政治，反對一切形式的單邊主義、保護主義，維護國際公平正義。中國愿同國際社會一道，倡導平等有序的世界多極化、普惠包容的經濟全球化，推動落實全球發展倡議、全球安全倡議、全球文明倡議，積極參與全球治理體系改革和建設，推動構建人類命運共同體，共創世界和平發展的美好未來。 | We will stay committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and to the path of peaceful development. We will remain firm in pursuing a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up, oppose hegemonism and power politics, oppose unilateralism and protectionism in all forms, and uphold international fairness and justice. China is ready to work with other members of the international community to promote an equal and orderly multipolar world and universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, pursue the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, and actively participate in reform and development of the global governance system. In doing so, we will promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind and create a bright future of world peace and development. | |
各位代表！信心凝聚力量，實干譜寫華章。我們要更加緊密地團結在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央周圍，高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，迎難而上、銳意進取，努力完成全年經濟社會發展目標任務，確保“十四五”規劃圓滿收官，為以中國式現代化全面推進強國建設、民族復興偉業不懈奮斗！ | Fellow Deputies, Confidence builds strength, and hard work creates glorious achievements. Let us rally more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Let us meet difficulties head-on and forge ahead with resolve to accomplish this year's objectives and tasks for economic and social development and bring the 14th Five-Year Plan to a successful conclusion. Let us strive to build a great country and advance national rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization. | |
（來源：新華網） | (Source: Xinhua) |
京公網安備 11010802027341號
主站蜘蛛池模板：
老头天天吃我奶躁我的动图|
亚洲综合在线另类色区奇米|
无码人妻精品中文字幕免费东京热|
亚洲av永久无码精品|
欧美高清性色生活片免费观看
|
黄色成人在线网站|
国产精选午睡沙发系列999|
免费a级在线观看播放|
老师粗又长好猛好爽视频|
国产在线视频网站|
色综合a怡红院怡红院首页|
国产精品视频全国免费观看|
archiveofown路段涨奶|
嫩草影院精品视频在线观看|
亚洲av日韩精品久久久久久久|
正能量www正能量免费网站
|
18禁止看的免费污网站|
成人18在线观看|
丰满少妇被猛烈进入高清播放|
日本边添边摸边做边爱的视频
|
国产亚洲一区二区在线观看|
黄色一级视频免费观看|
国产欧美日韩一区二区三区|
www.com日本|
日本边添边摸边做边爱喷水|
亚州**色毛片免费观看|
男人的肌肌捅女人的肌肌|
十二以下岁女子毛片免费|
美女的让男人桶爽网站|
国产一级片大全|
蜜桃成熟时33d在线|
国产精品91av|
尹人久久久香蕉精品|
国产精品第6页|
337p日本大胆欧美人术艺术精品|
国产麻豆91网在线看|
97久久精品无码一区二区|
国色天香论坛社区在线视频|
97精品国产一区二区三区|
性感美女一级毛片|
中国大陆国产高清aⅴ毛片|